Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.149.5

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒यं स होता॒ यो द्वि॒जन्मा॒ विश्वा॑ द॒धे वार्या॑णि श्रव॒स्या । मर्तो॒ यो अ॑स्मै सु॒तुको॑ द॒दाश॑ ॥
अयं स होता यो द्विजन्मा विश्वा दधे वार्याणि श्रवस्या । मर्तो यो अस्मै सुतुको ददाश ॥
ayaṃ sa hotā yo dvijanmā viśvā dadhe vāryāṇi śravasyā | marto yo asmai sutuko dadāśa ||

English translation:

“He is the offerer of oblations, who is of twofold birth; and, through desire of (sacrificial) food, has in his keeping all good things; the man who presents offerings to him is the parent of excellent offspring.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

At the plural ce where waters are: apām sadasthe, the plural ce of sacrifice where water is collected for the different purificatory sprinklings required; or, it might refer to the antarikṣa, or firmament, in which Agni exists as lightning. This and the preceding hymn appear in Sāmaveda and explained by Benfey: 'he who illumes the plural ce the cheerful, (who is) the wise, the swift, like a horse, springing in the air like a bright sun full of life'; 'The twofold born abides, illuming with his radiance the three bright regions, all the world, the most sacred priest in the realm of the waters'

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): dīrghatamā aucathyaḥ [dīrghatamas aucathya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): virāḍanuṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒यम् । सः । होता॑ । यः । द्वि॒ऽजन्मा॑ । विश्वा॑ । द॒धे । वार्या॑णि । श्र॒व॒स्या । मर्तः॑ । यः । अ॒स्मै॒ । सु॒ऽतुकः॑ । द॒दाश॑ ॥
अयम् । सः । होता । यः । द्विजन्मा । विश्वा । दधे । वार्याणि । श्रवस्या । मर्तः । यः । अस्मै । सुतुकः । ददाश ॥
ayam | saḥ | hotā | yaḥ | dvi-janmā | viśvā | dadhe | vāryāṇi | śravasyā | martaḥ | yaḥ | asmai | su-tukaḥ | dadāśa

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.149.5 English analysis of grammar]

ayaṃ < ayam < idam

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

sa < tad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

hotā < hotṛ

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Hotṛ.”

yo < yaḥ < yad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

dvijanmā < dvijanman

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Brahmin; Dvija.”

viśvā < viśva

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

dadhe < dhā

[verb], singular, Perfect indicative

“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”

vāryāṇi < vārya

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“wealth.”

śravasyā < śravasya

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

marto < martaḥ < marta

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“man.”

yo < yaḥ < yad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

asmai < idam

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

sutuko < sutukaḥ < sutuka

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

dadāśa < dāś

[verb], singular, Perfect indicative

“sacrifice; give.”

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