Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.148.4

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

पु॒रूणि॑ द॒स्मो नि रि॑णाति॒ जम्भै॒राद्रो॑चते॒ वन॒ आ वि॒भावा॑ । आद॑स्य॒ वातो॒ अनु॑ वाति शो॒चिरस्तु॒र्न शर्या॑मस॒नामनु॒ द्यून् ॥
पुरूणि दस्मो नि रिणाति जम्भैराद्रोचते वन आ विभावा । आदस्य वातो अनु वाति शोचिरस्तुर्न शर्यामसनामनु द्यून् ॥
purūṇi dasmo ni riṇāti jambhair ād rocate vana ā vibhāvā | ād asya vāto anu vāti śocir astur na śaryām asanām anu dyūn ||

English translation:

“The destroyer, (Agni), consumes numerous (trees) by his flames, and shares with manifold radiance in the forest; the favouring wind blows (the flames) onwards day by day, like the swift arrows (śaryā iṣavaḥ śaramayyaḥ--Nirukta 5.4) of an archer.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): dīrghatamā aucathyaḥ [dīrghatamas aucathya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

पु॒रूणि॑ । द॒स्मः । नि । रि॒णा॒ति॒ । जम्भैः॑ । आत् । रो॒च॒ते॒ । वने॑ । आ । वि॒भाऽवा॑ । आत् । अ॒स्य॒ । वातः॑ । अनु॑ । वा॒ति॒ । शो॒चिः । अस्तुः॑ । न । शर्या॑म् । अ॒स॒नाम् । अनु॑ । द्यून् ॥
पुरूणि । दस्मः । नि । रिणाति । जम्भैः । आत् । रोचते । वने । आ । विभावा । आत् । अस्य । वातः । अनु । वाति । शोचिः । अस्तुः । न । शर्याम् । असनाम् । अनु । द्यून् ॥
purūṇi | dasmaḥ | ni | riṇāti | jambhaiḥ | āt | rocate | vane | ā | vibhāvā | āt | asya | vātaḥ | anu | vāti | śociḥ | astuḥ | na | śaryām | asanām | anu | dyūn

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.148.4 English analysis of grammar]

purūṇi < puru

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“many; much(a); very.”

dasmo < dasmaḥ < dasma

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“fantastic; extraordinary.”

ni

[adverb]

“back; down.”

riṇāti < ri

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“free; liberate; run; let go of.”

jambhair < jambhaiḥ < jambha

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“Jambha; citron; jaw; tooth; molar; back tooth.”

ād < āt

[adverb]

“then.”

rocate < ruc

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“please; shine.”

vana < vane < vana

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“forest; wood; tree; grove; vana [word]; forest; brush.”

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

vibhāvā < vibhāvan

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“illuminating; shining.”

ād < āt

[adverb]

“then.”

asya < idam

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

vāto < vātaḥ < vāta

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“vāta; wind; fart; Vayu; air; draft; vāta [word]; Vāta; rheumatism; Marut.”

anu

[adverb]

“subsequently; behind; along; towards; because.”

vāti <

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“blow; blow; emit.”

śocir < śociḥ < śocis

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“fire; flare; burn; radiance.”

astur < astuḥ < astṛ

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“archer; shot.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

śaryām < śaryā

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“arrow.”

asanām < asana

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

anu

[adverb]

“subsequently; behind; along; towards; because.”

dyūn < div

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”

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