Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.144.5

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

तमीं॑ हिन्वन्ति धी॒तयो॒ दश॒ व्रिशो॑ दे॒वं मर्ता॑स ऊ॒तये॑ हवामहे । धनो॒रधि॑ प्र॒वत॒ आ स ऋ॑ण्वत्यभि॒व्रज॑द्भिर्व॒युना॒ नवा॑धित ॥
तमीं हिन्वन्ति धीतयो दश व्रिशो देवं मर्तास ऊतये हवामहे । धनोरधि प्रवत आ स ऋण्वत्यभिव्रजद्भिर्वयुना नवाधित ॥
tam īṃ hinvanti dhītayo daśa vriśo devam martāsa ūtaye havāmahe | dhanor adhi pravata ā sa ṛṇvaty abhivrajadbhir vayunā navādhita ||

English translation:

“The ten fingers intertwined propitiate that divine (Agni), whom we mortals invoke for protection; he darts (his rays) like swift (arrows) from a bow, and accepts the new praises (uttered) by those who crowd round the altar.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): dīrghatamā aucathyaḥ [dīrghatamas aucathya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

तम् । ई॒म् । हि॒न्व॒न्ति॒ । धी॒तयः॑ । दश॑ । व्रिशः॑ । दे॒वम् । मर्ता॑सः । ऊ॒तये॑ । ह॒वा॒म॒हे॒ । धनोः॑ । अधि॑ । प्र॒ऽवतः॑ । आ । सः । ऋ॒ण्व॒ति॒ । अ॒भि॒व्रज॑त्ऽभिः । व॒युना॑ । नवा॑ । अ॒धि॒त॒ ॥
तम् । ईम् । हिन्वन्ति । धीतयः । दश । व्रिशः । देवम् । मर्तासः । ऊतये । हवामहे । धनोः । अधि । प्रवतः । आ । सः । ऋण्वति । अभिव्रजत्भिः । वयुना । नवा । अधित ॥
tam | īm | hinvanti | dhītayaḥ | daśa | vriśaḥ | devam | martāsaḥ | ūtaye | havāmahe | dhanoḥ | adhi | pra-vataḥ | ā | saḥ | ṛṇvati | abhivrajat-bhiḥ | vayunā | navā | adhita

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.144.5 English analysis of grammar]

tam < tad

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

īṃ < īm < īṃ

[adverb]

hinvanti < hi

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“impel; send; spur; stimulate; urge.”

dhītayo < dhītayaḥ < dhīti

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“thinking; prayer; understanding.”

daśa < daśan

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“ten; tenth; daśan [word].”

vriśo < vriśaḥ < vriś

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

devam < deva

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

martāsa < martāsaḥ < marta

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“man.”

ūtaye < ūti

[noun], dative, singular, feminine

“aid; favor; ūti [word].”

havāmahe < hvā

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“raise; call on; call; summon.”

dhanor < dhanoḥ < dhanū

[noun], ablative, singular, feminine

“sandbank.”

adhi

[adverb]

“on; from; accordingly.”

pravata < pravataḥ < pravat

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“slope; river.”

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

sa < saḥ < tad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

ṛṇvaty < ṛṇvati < ṛch

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“enter (a state); travel; shoot; send; hit; originate; get; raise; begin; harm.”

abhivrajadbhir < abhivrajadbhiḥ < abhivraj < √vraj

[verb noun], instrumental, plural

vayunā < vayuna

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“convention; custom; means.”

navādhita < navā < nava

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“new; fresh; young; matutinal; recent; nava [word]; modern; fresh.”

navādhita < adhita < dhā

[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)

“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”

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