Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.142.12

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

पू॒ष॒ण्वते॑ म॒रुत्व॑ते वि॒श्वदे॑वाय वा॒यवे॑ । स्वाहा॑ गाय॒त्रवे॑पसे ह॒व्यमिन्द्रा॑य कर्तन ॥
पूषण्वते मरुत्वते विश्वदेवाय वायवे । स्वाहा गायत्रवेपसे हव्यमिन्द्राय कर्तन ॥
pūṣaṇvate marutvate viśvadevāya vāyave | svāhā gāyatravepase havyam indrāya kartana ||

English translation:

“(Priests), present the oblation with svāhā to Indra, in the form of Gāyatra, along with Pūṣan and the Maruts; also to the assembled gods, and the Vāyu.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

In the form of Gāyatra: Gāyatra-vepase--gāyatra is substituted for itara-sāma: vepas = rūpa; gāyatram- rūpam yasya;

Gāyatravepas = a name or form of Indra; along with Pūṣan and the Maruts: liṭ, having or possessed of Pūṣan or the Maruts: puṣanvate marutvate; viśvadevāya (singular)  = viśvadeva- saṅghāya, the assemblage of all the gods; or, an epithet to identify Indra with all the deities; the person nification of Agni is svāhā, as one of the Āpris

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): dīrghatamā aucathyaḥ [dīrghatamas aucathya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): svāhā kṛtiḥ ;
Chandas (meter): anuṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

पू॒ष॒ण्ऽवते॑ । म॒रुत्व॑ते । वि॒श्वऽदे॑वाय । वा॒यवे॑ । स्वाहा॑ । गा॒य॒त्रऽवे॑पसे । ह॒व्यम् । इन्द्रा॑य । क॒र्त॒न॒ ॥
पूषण्वते । मरुत्वते । विश्वदेवाय । वायवे । स्वाहा । गायत्रवेपसे । हव्यम् । इन्द्राय । कर्तन ॥
pūṣaṇ-vate | marutvate | viśva-devāya | vāyave | svāhā | gāyatra-vepase | havyam | indrāya | kartana

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.142.12 English analysis of grammar]

pūṣaṇvate < pūṣaṇvat

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

marutvate < marutvat

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“Marut(a).”

viśvadevāya < viśva

[noun]

“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

viśvadevāya < devāya < deva

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

vāyave < vāyu

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“wind; Vayu; vāta; prāṇa (coll.); air; air; fart; breath; northwest; draft; vāyu [word]; Vāyu; Marut.”

svāhā

[adverb]

“hail.”

gāyatravepase < gāyatra

[noun], neuter

“Gāyatrī; Gāyatra.”

gāyatravepase < vepase < vepas

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“inspiration; shaking.”

havyam < havya

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“Havya; offering; havya [word].”

indrāya < indra

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

kartana < kṛ

[verb], plural, Aorist imperative

“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”

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