Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.140.2

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒भि द्वि॒जन्मा॑ त्रि॒वृदन्न॑मृज्यते संवत्स॒रे वा॑वृधे ज॒ग्धमी॒ पुन॑: । अ॒न्यस्या॒सा जि॒ह्वया॒ जेन्यो॒ वृषा॒ न्य१॒॑न्येन॑ व॒निनो॑ मृष्ट वार॒णः ॥
अभि द्विजन्मा त्रिवृदन्नमृज्यते संवत्सरे वावृधे जग्धमी पुनः । अन्यस्यासा जिह्वया जेन्यो वृषा न्यन्येन वनिनो मृष्ट वारणः ॥
abhi dvijanmā trivṛd annam ṛjyate saṃvatsare vāvṛdhe jagdham ī punaḥ | anyasyāsā jihvayā jenyo vṛṣā ny anyena vanino mṛṣṭa vāraṇaḥ ||

English translation:

“(Agni), the two-fold genitive rated, devours the triple (sacrificial) food, and when the year expires renovates what has been eaten; the showerer (of benefits) is invigorated (inone form), by eating with the tongue of another; in a different form the restrainer (of) all consumes the forest trees.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Two-fold genitive rated: either as produced by attrition from the two sticks, or first by attrition and second by consecration for sacrificial use; triple-food: trivṛd-annam; 1. clarified butter; 2. puroḍāśa butter, with other articles or cakes fried in butter; and 3. soma; renovates what has been eaten: same articles are offered annually; consumes the forest trees: anyasya-āsā jihvayā jenyo vṛṣānyanyena-mṛṣṭa = liṭ, the victorious showerer by the mouth-tongue of another; by another consumes. āsā = asyena, with the mouth;

Anyasya = of the oblation, or with the mouth in one form (or sacrificial fire) he receives the oblation through the tongue of another, i.e. the ladle of the ministering priest; in another form, i.e., the fire that burns forests, dāvāgni, he consumes the trees

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): dīrghatamā aucathyaḥ [dīrghatamas aucathya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): virāḍjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒भि । द्वि॒ऽजन्मा॑ । त्रि॒ऽवृत् । अन्न॑म् । ऋ॒ज्य॒ते॒ । स॒व्ँम्व॒त्स॒रे । व॒वृ॒धे॒ । ज॒ग्धम् । ई॒म् इति॑ । पुन॒रिति॑ । अ॒न्यस्य॑ । आ॒सा । जि॒ह्वया॑ । जेन्यः॑ । वृषा॑ । नि । अ॒न्येन॑ । व॒निनः॑ । मृ॒ष्ट॒ । वा॒र॒णः ॥
अभि । द्विजन्मा । त्रिवृत् । अन्नम् । ऋज्यते । सव्ँम्वत्सरे । ववृधे । जग्धम् । ईम् इति । पुनरिति । अन्यस्य । आसा । जिह्वया । जेन्यः । वृषा । नि । अन्येन । वनिनः । मृष्ट । वारणः ॥
abhi | dvi-janmā | tri-vṛt | annam | ṛjyate | saṃvatsare | vavṛdhe | jagdham | īm iti | punariti | anyasya | āsā | jihvayā | jenyaḥ | vṛṣā | ni | anyena | vaninaḥ | mṛṣṭa | vāraṇaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.140.2 English analysis of grammar]

abhi

[adverb]

“towards; on.”

dvijanmā < dvi

[noun]

“two; dvi [word]; second.”

dvijanmā < janmā < janman

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“birth; reincarnation; lineage; origin; race; metempsychosis; parentage; descent; appearance; age; birthplace; beginning; being.”

trivṛd < trivṛt

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“treble.”

annam < anna

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“food; foodstuff; grain; anna [word]; eating; boiled rice; meal.”

ṛjyate < ṛj

[verb], singular, Present indikative

saṃvatsare < saṃvatsara

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

“year; year; saṃvatsara [word].”

vāvṛdhe < vṛdh

[verb], singular, Perfect indicative

“increase; grow; vṛdh; increase; succeed; strengthen; grow up; spread.”

jagdham < jakṣ

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“eat; devour.”

ī

[adverb]

“īkāra.”

punaḥ < punar

[adverb]

“again; further; now; over and over; subsequently; repeatedly; however; besides.”

anyasyāsā < anyasya < anya

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“other; another(a); remaining; different; anya [word]; other than; more(a); fresh; any(a).”

anyasyāsā < āsā < ās

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“mouth.”

jihvayā < jihvā

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“tongue; tongue; jihvā [word]; fire.”

jenyo < jenyaḥ < jenya

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“noble.”

vṛṣā < vṛṣan

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”

ny < ni

[adverb]

“back; down.”

anyena < anya

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

“other; another(a); remaining; different; anya [word]; other than; more(a); fresh; any(a).”

vanino < vaninaḥ < vanin

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“tree.”

mṛṣṭa < mṛj

[verb], singular, Present injunctive

“purify; polish; rub; remove.”

vāraṇaḥ < vāraṇa

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“elephant; elephant hook.”

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