Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.139.3

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यु॒वां स्तोमे॑भिर्देव॒यन्तो॑ अश्विनाश्रा॒वय॑न्त इव॒ श्लोक॑मा॒यवो॑ यु॒वां ह॒व्याभ्या॒३॒॑यव॑: । यु॒वोर्विश्वा॒ अधि॒ श्रिय॒: पृक्ष॑श्च विश्ववेदसा । प्रु॒षा॒यन्ते॑ वां प॒वयो॑ हिर॒ण्यये॒ रथे॑ दस्रा हिर॒ण्यये॑ ॥
युवां स्तोमेभिर्देवयन्तो अश्विनाश्रावयन्त इव श्लोकमायवो युवां हव्याभ्यायवः । युवोर्विश्वा अधि श्रियः पृक्षश्च विश्ववेदसा । प्रुषायन्ते वां पवयो हिरण्यये रथे दस्रा हिरण्यये ॥
yuvāṃ stomebhir devayanto aśvināśrāvayanta iva ślokam āyavo yuvāṃ havyābhy āyavaḥ | yuvor viśvā adhi śriyaḥ pṛkṣaś ca viśvavedasā | pruṣāyante vām pavayo hiraṇyaye rathe dasrā hiraṇyaye ||

English translation:

Aśvins, men who desire to glorify you with (their) hymns, cause, as it were, their praises to be heard, propitiating you with oblations; for, from you, who are possessed of all opulence, (they obtain) every kind of wealth and abundant food. Dasras, the fellies (of the wheels) of your honey-laden car drop honey, (carried) in your golden (car).”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Hiraṇyaye rathe dasrā hiraṇyaye: the epithet means 'golden'; the first occurrence is interpreted as madhupūrṇa = pruṣāyante pavayaḥ (pavī rathanemirbhavati yadvipunāti bhūmim--Nirukta 5.5), the circumferences of the wheels distil (kṣaranti sravanti), or scatter honey, as they revolve; in the second occurrence, hirṇyaye is explained as 'plural asing, heart-delighting', hṛdayaramaṇa; and to provide an assumed ellipse, by havir-vahatam, 'convey the oblation in your delightful chariot'

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): parucchepo daivodāsiḥ [parucchepa daivodāsi];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvinau ;
Chandas (meter): virāḍatyaṣṭiḥ ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यु॒वाम् । सोमे॑भिः । दे॒व॒ऽयन्तः॑ । अ॒श्वि॒ना॒ । आ॒श्रा॒वय॑न्तःऽइव । श्लोक॑म् । आ॒यवः॑ । यु॒वाम् । ह॒व्या । अ॒भि । आ॒यवः॑ । यु॒वोः । विश्वाः॑ । अधि॑ । श्रियः॑ । पृक्षः॑ । च॒ । वि॒श्व॒ऽवे॒द॒सा॒ । प्रु॒षा॒यन्ते॑ । वा॒म् । प॒वयः॑ । हि॒र॒ण्यये॑ । रथे॑ । द॒स्रा॒ । हि॒र॒ण्यये॑ ॥
युवाम् । सोमेभिः । देवयन्तः । अश्विना । आश्रावयन्तःइव । श्लोकम् । आयवः । युवाम् । हव्या । अभि । आयवः । युवोः । विश्वाः । अधि । श्रियः । पृक्षः । च । विश्ववेदसा । प्रुषायन्ते । वाम् । पवयः । हिरण्यये । रथे । दस्रा । हिरण्यये ॥
yuvām | somebhiḥ | deva-yantaḥ | aśvinā | āśrāvayantaḥ-iva | ślokam | āyavaḥ | yuvām | havyā | abhi | āyavaḥ | yuvoḥ | viśvāḥ | adhi | śriyaḥ | pṛkṣaḥ | ca | viśva-vedasā | pruṣāyante | vām | pavayaḥ | hiraṇyaye | rathe | dasr | hiraṇyaye

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.139.3 English analysis of grammar]

yuvāṃ < yuvām < tvad

[noun], accusative, dual

“you.”

stomebhir < stomebhiḥ < stoma

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“hymn; Stoma; stoma [word].”

devayanto < devayantaḥ < devay

[verb noun], nominative, plural

“solicit.”

aśvināśrāvayanta < aśvinā < aśvin

[noun], accusative, dual, masculine

“Asvins; two.”

aśvināśrāvayanta < aśrāvayanta < śrāvay < √śru

[verb], plural, Imperfect

“tell.”

iva

[adverb]

“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

ślokam < śloka

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Śloka; fame; hymn; śloka [word]; praise; glory; verse.”

āyavo < āyavaḥ < āyu

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

yuvāṃ < yuvām < tvad

[noun], accusative, dual

“you.”

havyābhy < havyā < havya

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“Havya; offering; havya [word].”

havyābhy < abhi

[adverb]

“towards; on.”

āyavaḥ < āyu

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

yuvor < yuvoḥ < tvad

[noun], genitive, dual

“you.”

viśvā < viśvāḥ < viśva

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

adhi

[adverb]

“on; from; accordingly.”

śriyaḥ < śrī

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“mister; Ms.; Lakshmi; good fortune; well-being; magnificence; glory; beauty; Aegle marmelos (Linn.) Correa; dignity; power; śrī [word]; śrī; prosperity; auspiciousness.”

pṛkṣaś < pṛkṣaḥ < pṛkṣ

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“food; refreshment; power.”

ca

[adverb]

“and; besides; then; now; even.”

viśvavedasā < viśva

[noun]

“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

viśvavedasā < vedasā < vedas

[noun], vocative, dual, masculine

“knowledge.”

pruṣāyante < pruṣāy < √pruṣ

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“sprinkle.”

vām < tvad

[noun], genitive, dual

“you.”

pavayo < pavayaḥ < pavi

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“vajra; tire; rim.”

hiraṇyaye < hiraṇyaya

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

“gold; aureate; hiraṇyaya [word].”

rathe < ratha

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”

dasrā < dasra

[noun], vocative, dual, masculine

“Asvins.”

hiraṇyaye < hiraṇyaya

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

“gold; aureate; hiraṇyaya [word].”

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