Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.135.9

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

इ॒मे ये ते॒ सु वा॑यो बा॒ह्वो॑जसो॒ऽन्तर्न॒दी ते॑ प॒तय॑न्त्यु॒क्षणो॒ महि॒ व्राध॑न्त उ॒क्षण॑: । धन्व॑ञ्चि॒द्ये अ॑ना॒शवो॑ जी॒राश्चि॒दगि॑रौकसः । सूर्य॑स्येव र॒श्मयो॑ दुर्नि॒यन्त॑वो॒ हस्त॑योर्दुर्नि॒यन्त॑वः ॥
इमे ये ते सु वायो बाह्वोजसोऽन्तर्नदी ते पतयन्त्युक्षणो महि व्राधन्त उक्षणः । धन्वञ्चिद्ये अनाशवो जीराश्चिदगिरौकसः । सूर्यस्येव रश्मयो दुर्नियन्तवो हस्तयोर्दुर्नियन्तवः ॥
ime ye te su vāyo bāhvojaso 'ntar nadī te patayanty ukṣaṇo mahi vrādhanta ukṣaṇaḥ | dhanvañ cid ye anāśavo jīrāś cid agiraukasaḥ | sūryasyeva raśmayo durniyantavo hastayor durniyantavaḥ ||

English translation:

“These your horses, excellent Vāyu, strong of limb, youthful and full of vigour, bear you through the space between heaven and earth; growing (are they) in bulk, and strong as oxen; they are not lost in the firmament, but hold on their speed, unretarded by reviling; difficult are they to be arrested as the beams of the sun; difficult are they to be arrested by force.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Unretarded by reviling: agiraukasaḥ = lit. having no dweling by speech; i.e. they are not brought to a stop by abusive speech of the like, bhartsnādinā sthitim alabhamānāḥ; hastayor dur-niyantavaḥ, difficult to be checked by both hands, or by physical force; they are not to be deterred by words, such as voḥ voḥ; or by pulling up the rains, from coming to the sacrifice

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): parucchepo daivodāsiḥ [parucchepa daivodāsi];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): vāyu:;
Chandas (meter): bhurigaṣṭiḥ ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

इ॒मे । ये । ते॒ । सु । वा॒यो॒ इति॑ । बा॒हुऽओ॑जसः । अ॒न्तः । न॒दी इति॑ । ते॒ । प॒तय॑न्ति । उ॒क्षणः॑ । महि॑ । व्राध॑न्तः । उ॒क्षणः॑ । धन्व॑न् । चि॒त् । ये । अ॒ना॒शवः॑ । जी॒राः । चि॒त् । अगि॑राऽओकसः । सूर्य॑स्यऽइव । र॒श्मयः॑ । दुः॒ऽनि॒यन्त॑वः । हस्त॑योः । दुः॒ऽनि॒यन्त॑वः ॥
इमे । ये । ते । सु । वायो इति । बाहुओजसः । अन्तः । नदी इति । ते । पतयन्ति । उक्षणः । महि । व्राधन्तः । उक्षणः । धन्वन् । चित् । ये । अनाशवः । जीराः । चित् । अगिराओकसः । सूर्यस्यइव । रश्मयः । दुःनियन्तवः । हस्तयोः । दुःनियन्तवः ॥
ime | ye | te | su | vāyo iti | bāhu-ojasaḥ | antaḥ | nadī iti | te | patayanti | ukṣaṇaḥ | mahi | vrādhantaḥ | ukṣaṇaḥ | dhanvan | cit | ye | anāśavaḥ | jīrāḥ | cit | agirāokasaḥ | sūryasya-iva | raśmayaḥ | duḥ-niyantavaḥ | hastayoḥ | duḥ-niyantavaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.135.9 English analysis of grammar]

ime < idam

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

ye < yad

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

te < tvad

[noun], genitive, singular

“you.”

su

[adverb]

“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

vāyo < vāyu

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“wind; Vayu; vāta; prāṇa (coll.); air; air; fart; breath; northwest; draft; vāyu [word]; Vāyu; Marut.”

bāhvojaso < bāhu

[noun], masculine

“arm; bāhu [word]; elbow; forefoot.”

bāhvojaso < ojasaḥ < ojas

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“strength; power; ojas; ojas [word]; potency; might.”

'ntar < antar

[adverb]

“inside; in; antar [word]; midmost; between; among.”

nadī

[noun], locative, singular, feminine

“river; nadī; nadī [word]; Premna spinosa Roxb..”

te < tad

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

patayanty < patayanti < patay < √pat

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“fly.”

ukṣaṇo < ukṣaṇaḥ < ukṣan

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“bull; ukṣan [word].”

mahi

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“great; firm.”

vrādhanta < vrādh

[verb], plural, Imperfect

ukṣaṇaḥ < ukṣan

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“bull; ukṣan [word].”

dhanvañ < dhanvan

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“bow; desert; steppe; barren.”

cid < cit

[adverb]

“even; indeed.”

ye < yad

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

anāśavo < anāśavaḥ < anāśu

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“slow.”

jīrāś < jīrāḥ < jīra

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“agile; quick; fast.”

cid < cit

[adverb]

“even; indeed.”

agiraukasaḥ < agira

[noun], masculine

agiraukasaḥ < okasaḥ < oka

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“home; house; oka [word].”

sūryasyeva < sūryasya < sūrya

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”

sūryasyeva < iva

[adverb]

“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

raśmayo < raśmayaḥ < raśmi

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“beam; rein; sunbeam; shininess; cord.”

durniyantavo < durniyantavaḥ < durniyantu

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

hastayor < hastayoḥ < hasta

[noun], locative, dual, masculine

“hand; hand; proboscis; hasta [word]; autograph.”

durniyantavaḥ < durniyantu

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

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