Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.128.7
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स मानु॑षे वृ॒जने॒ शंत॑मो हि॒तो॒३॒॑ऽग्निर्य॒ज्ञेषु॒ जेन्यो॒ न वि॒श्पति॑: प्रि॒यो य॒ज्ञेषु॑ वि॒श्पति॑: । स ह॒व्या मानु॑षाणामि॒ळा कृ॒तानि॑ पत्यते । स न॑स्त्रासते॒ वरु॑णस्य धू॒र्तेर्म॒हो दे॒वस्य॑ धू॒र्तेः ॥
स मानुषे वृजने शंतमो हितोऽग्निर्यज्ञेषु जेन्यो न विश्पतिः प्रियो यज्ञेषु विश्पतिः । स हव्या मानुषाणामिळा कृतानि पत्यते । स नस्त्रासते वरुणस्य धूर्तेर्महो देवस्य धूर्तेः ॥
sa mānuṣe vṛjane śaṃtamo hito 'gnir yajñeṣu jenyo na viśpatiḥ priyo yajñeṣu viśpatiḥ | sa havyā mānuṣāṇām iḻā kṛtāni patyate | sa nas trāsate varuṇasya dhūrter maho devasya dhūrteḥ ||
English translation:
“Agni is a most amiable friend in human infirmity through the means of sacrifices; the beloved protector of all in sacrifices, like a victorious prince, he alights upon the oblations of men when plural ced upon the altar; he preserves us from the malignity of Varuṇa; from the malignity of the mighty deity (of sin).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Trāsate varuṇasya dhūrter maho devasya dhūrteḥ, preserves us from the malevolence of the obstructor of religious rites (varuṇa = vāraka, the impeder)-- from the malevolence of the mighty deity presiding over sin, pāpa-devatā
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): parucchepo daivodāsiḥ [parucchepa daivodāsi];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛdaṣṭiḥ ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
सः । मानु॑षे । वृ॒जने॑ । शम्ऽत॑मः । हि॒तः । अ॒ग्निः । य॒ज्ञेषु॑ । जेन्यः॑ । न । वि॒श्पतिः॑ । प्रि॒यः । य॒ज्ञेषु॑ । वि॒श्पति॑ह् । सः । ह॒व्या । मानु॑षाणाम् । इ॒ळा । कृ॒तानि॑ । प॒त्य॒ते॒ । सः । नः॒ । त्रा॒स॒ते॒ । वरु॑णस्य । धू॒र्तेः । म॒हः । दे॒वस्य॑ । धू॒र्तेः ॥
सः । मानुषे । वृजने । शम्तमः । हितः । अग्निः । यज्ञेषु । जेन्यः । न । विश्पतिः । प्रियः । यज्ञेषु । विश्पतिह् । सः । हव्या । मानुषाणाम् । इळा । कृतानि । पत्यते । सः । नः । त्रासते । वरुणस्य । धूर्तेः । महः । देवस्य । धूर्तेः ॥
saḥ | mānuṣe | vṛjane | śam-tamaḥ | hitaḥ | agniḥ | yajñeṣu | jenyaḥ | na | viśpatiḥ | priyaḥ | yajñeṣu | viśpatih | saḥ | havyā | mānuṣāṇām | iḷā | kṛtāni | patyate | saḥ | naḥ | trāsate | varuṇasya | dhūrteḥ | mahaḥ | devasya | dhūrteḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.128.7 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“human.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“community; settlement.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“beneficent.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“beneficial; wholesome; good; suitable; good; appropriate; pleasant; Aṣṭādhyāyī 5.1.5; friendly; agreeable.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], locative, plural, masculine
“yajña; religious ceremony; Vishnu; yajña [word]; Yajña; Shiva.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“noble.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“overlord; head.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“beloved; pleasant; dear; fond(p); wanted; priya [word]; favorite; good; liked; suitable; proper.”
[noun], locative, plural, masculine
“yajña; religious ceremony; Vishnu; yajña [word]; Yajña; Shiva.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“overlord; head.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“Havya; offering; havya [word].”
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“man; man.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
“refreshment; libation.”
[verb noun], accusative, plural
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“own; have; master.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], accusative, plural
“I; mine.”
[verb], singular, Aorist conj./subj.
“protect; help.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”
[noun], ablative, singular, feminine
“fraud; damage.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“great; great; distinguished; much(a); adult; long; high.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[noun], ablative, singular, feminine
“fraud; damage.”