Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.122.15
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
च॒त्वारो॑ मा मश॒र्शार॑स्य॒ शिश्व॒स्त्रयो॒ राज्ञ॒ आय॑वसस्य जि॒ष्णोः । रथो॑ वां मित्रावरुणा दी॒र्घाप्सा॒: स्यूम॑गभस्ति॒: सूरो॒ नाद्यौ॑त् ॥
चत्वारो मा मशर्शारस्य शिश्वस्त्रयो राज्ञ आयवसस्य जिष्णोः । रथो वां मित्रावरुणा दीर्घाप्साः स्यूमगभस्तिः सूरो नाद्यौत् ॥
catvāro mā maśarśārasya śiśvas trayo rājña āyavasasya jiṣṇoḥ | ratho vām mitrāvaruṇā dīrghāpsāḥ syūmagabhastiḥ sūro nādyaut ||
English translation:
“The four (silly) sons of Maśar'śāra, the three of the victorious monarch Āyavasa (annoy) me. Let your spacious and bright-rayed chariot, Mitra and Varuṇa, blaze (before them) like the sun (filling them with fear).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Śiśvaḥ = śiśavaḥ, infant, i.e. infantile, childish
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kakṣīvān;Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): svarāṭpaṅkti;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
च॒त्वारः॑ । मा॒ । म॒श॒र्शार॑स्य । शिश्वः॑ । त्रयः॑ । राज्ञः॑ । आय॑वसस्य । जि॒ष्णोः । रथः॑ । वा॒म् । मि॒त्रा॒व॒रु॒णा॒ । दी॒र्घऽअ॑प्साः॒ । स्यूम॑ऽगभस्तिः । सूरः॑ । न । अ॒द्यौ॒त् ॥
चत्वारः । मा । मशर्शारस्य । शिश्वः । त्रयः । राज्ञः । आयवसस्य । जिष्णोः । रथः । वाम् । मित्रावरुणा । दीर्घअप्साः । स्यूमगभस्तिः । सूरः । न । अद्यौत् ॥
catvāraḥ | mā | maśarśārasya | śiśvaḥ | trayaḥ | rājñaḥ | āyavasasya | jiṣṇoḥ | rathaḥ | vām | mitrāvaruṇā | dīrgha-apsāḥ | syūma-gabhastiḥ | sūraḥ | na | adyaut
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.122.15 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“four; catur [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular
“I; mine.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“child; young; baby; śiśu [word]; Śiśu; male child; fetus.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“three; tri/tisṛ [word].”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“king; Kshatriya; rājan [word]; best; rājāvarta; Yakṣa.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“victorious.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”
[noun], genitive, dual
“you.”
[noun], vocative, dual, masculine
“Varuna; Mitra.”
[noun]
“long; long; long; large; far; deep; dīrgha [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[noun], neuter
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“beam; hand; sun.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“sun.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[verb], singular, Athematic s aor. (Ind.)
“shine; inflame.”