Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.121.10
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
पु॒रा यत्सूर॒स्तम॑सो॒ अपी॑ते॒स्तम॑द्रिवः फलि॒गं हे॒तिम॑स्य । शुष्ण॑स्य चि॒त्परि॑हितं॒ यदोजो॑ दि॒वस्परि॒ सुग्र॑थितं॒ तदाद॑: ॥
पुरा यत्सूरस्तमसो अपीतेस्तमद्रिवः फलिगं हेतिमस्य । शुष्णस्य चित्परिहितं यदोजो दिवस्परि सुग्रथितं तदादः ॥
purā yat sūras tamaso apītes tam adrivaḥ phaligaṃ hetim asya | śuṣṇasya cit parihitaṃ yad ojo divas pari sugrathitaṃ tad ādaḥ ||
English translation:
“When the sun (had emerged) from the struggle with darkness, you did break, wielder of the thunderbolt, the cloud that had been his annoyance, and did under the well-fastened covering in which Śuṣṇa had enveloped him.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): auśijo dairghatamasaḥ kakṣīvān [auśija dairghatamasa kakṣīvān];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśve devā indraśca;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
पु॒रा । यत् । सूरः॑ । तम॑सः । अपि॑ऽइतेः । तम् । अ॒द्रि॒ऽवः॒ । फ॒लि॒ऽगम् । हे॒तिम् । अ॒स्य॒ । शुष्ण॑स्य । चि॒त् । परि॑ऽहितम् । यत् । ओजः॑ । दि॒वः । परि॑ । सुऽग्र॑थितम् । तत् । आ । अ॒द॒रित्य॑दः ॥
पुरा । यत् । सूरः । तमसः । अपिइतेः । तम् । अद्रिवः । फलिगम् । हेतिम् । अस्य । शुष्णस्य । चित् । परिहितम् । यत् । ओजः । दिवः । परि । सुग्रथितम् । तत् । आ । अदरित्यदः ॥
purā | yat | sūraḥ | tamasaḥ | api-iteḥ | tam | adri-vaḥ | phali-gam | hetim | asya | śuṣṇasya | cit | pari-hitam | yat | ojaḥ | divaḥ | pari | su-grathitam | tat | ā | adar ity adaḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.121.10 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“once; earlier; first; purā [indecl.].”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“sun.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“dark; darkness; Tamas; tamas [word]; faint; tamas; gloom; ignorance.”
[noun], ablative, singular, feminine
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“rocky; petrous.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“projectile; heti [word].”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“shoot; remove.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“Śuṣṇa.”
[adverb]
“even; indeed.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“conclude; wear; put; dress.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“strength; power; ojas; ojas [word]; potency; might.”
[noun], ablative, singular, masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
[adverb]
“from; about; around.”
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[verb noun], accusative, singular
“knot; clot; dress.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[verb], singular, Thematic aorist (Ind.)
“take; take away; take out; pick; extract; drink; grasp; put; collect; accept; get; choose; remove; steal; bring; press out; impound; keep; eat; use; distill.”