Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.121.8

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒ष्टा म॒हो दि॒व आदो॒ हरी॑ इ॒ह द्यु॑म्ना॒साह॑म॒भि यो॑धा॒न उत्स॑म् । हरिं॒ यत्ते॑ म॒न्दिनं॑ दु॒क्षन्वृ॒धे गोर॑भस॒मद्रि॑भिर्वा॒ताप्य॑म् ॥
अष्टा महो दिव आदो हरी इह द्युम्नासाहमभि योधान उत्सम् । हरिं यत्ते मन्दिनं दुक्षन्वृधे गोरभसमद्रिभिर्वाताप्यम् ॥
aṣṭā maho diva ādo harī iha dyumnāsāham abhi yodhāna utsam | hariṃ yat te mandinaṃ dukṣan vṛdhe gorabhasam adribhir vātāpyam ||

English translation:

“Send hither your horses, the quaffers of the exhilarating libation; overcome, warrior, the adversary plural ndering us of our treasure; when they express with stones, for the increase (of your strength), the delightful, exhilarating, invigorating (Soma), to be overtaken by you, who are swifter than the wind.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): auśijo dairghatamasaḥ kakṣīvān [auśija dairghatamasa kakṣīvān];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśve devā indraśca;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒ष्टा । म॒हः । दि॒वः । आदः॑ । हरी॒ इति॑ । इ॒ह । द्यु॑म्न॒ऽसह॑म् । अ॒भि । यो॒धा॒नः । उत्स॑म् । हरि॑म् । यत् । ते॒ । म॒न्दिन॑म् । धु॒क्षन् । वृ॒धे । गोऽर॑भसम् । अद्रि॑ऽभिः । वा॒ताप्य॑म् ॥
अष्टा । महः । दिवः । आदः । हरी इति । इह । द्युम्नसहम् । अभि । योधानः । उत्सम् । हरिम् । यत् । ते । मन्दिनम् । धुक्षन् । वृधे । गोरभसम् । अद्रिभिः । वाताप्यम् ॥
aṣṭā | mahaḥ | divaḥ | ādaḥ | harī iti | iha | dyumna-saham | abhi | yodhānaḥ | utsam | harim | yat | te | mandinam | dhukṣan | vṛdhe | go--rabhasam | adri-bhiḥ | vātāpyam

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.121.8 English analysis of grammar]

aṣṭā < _ < √_

[?]

“_”

maho < mahaḥ < mah

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“great; great; distinguished; much(a); adult; long; high.”

diva < divaḥ < div

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”

ādo < ādaḥ < ādā < √dā

[verb], singular, Thematic aorist (Ind.)

“take; take away; take out; pick; extract; drink; grasp; put; collect; accept; get; choose; remove; steal; bring; press out; impound; keep; eat; use; distill.”

harī < hari

[noun], accusative, dual, masculine

“Vishnu; monkey; Krishna; horse; lion; Indra; Hari; Surya; Hari; haritāla; Hari; snake; frog.”

iha

[adverb]

“here; now; in this world; now; below; there; here; just.”

dyumnāsāham < dyumnāsah

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

abhi

[adverb]

“towards; on.”

yodhāna < yodhānaḥ < yudh

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“fight; overcome.”

utsam < utsa

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“spring; fountain; utsa [word]; well.”

hariṃ < harim < hari

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Vishnu; monkey; Krishna; horse; lion; Indra; Hari; Surya; Hari; haritāla; Hari; snake; frog.”

yat

[adverb]

“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

te < tad

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

mandinaṃ < mandinam < mandin

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“intoxicant; exhilarating.”

dukṣan < duh

[verb], plural, Aorist inj. (proh.)

“milk.”

vṛdhe < vṛdh

[verb noun]

“increase; grow; vṛdh; increase; succeed; strengthen; grow up; spread.”

gorabhasam < go

[noun], masculine

“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”

gorabhasam < rabhasam < rabhasa

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“fierce; impetuous; powerful; potent; flamboyant.”

adribhir < adribhiḥ < adri

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“mountain; rock; seven; stone; adri; grindstone; adri; rock.”

vātāpyam < vātāpya

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

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