Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.121.2
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स्तम्भी॑द्ध॒ द्यां स ध॒रुणं॑ प्रुषायदृ॒भुर्वाजा॑य॒ द्रवि॑णं॒ नरो॒ गोः । अनु॑ स्व॒जां म॑हि॒षश्च॑क्षत॒ व्रां मेना॒मश्व॑स्य॒ परि॑ मा॒तरं॒ गोः ॥
स्तम्भीद्ध द्यां स धरुणं प्रुषायदृभुर्वाजाय द्रविणं नरो गोः । अनु स्वजां महिषश्चक्षत व्रां मेनामश्वस्य परि मातरं गोः ॥
stambhīd dha dyāṃ sa dharuṇam pruṣāyad ṛbhur vājāya draviṇaṃ naro goḥ | anu svajām mahiṣaś cakṣata vrām menām aśvasya pari mātaraṃ goḥ ||
English translation:
“He verily upholds the heaven; he, the brilliant, the leader of the (stolen) herd, pours forth the flowing (water), for the sake of food; the mighty Indra manifests himself after his own daughter (the dawn); he made the feminine le of the horse unnaturally the mother of the cow.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Indra = the sun. In jest (?), Indra is said to have made a mare bring forth a calf
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): auśijo dairghatamasaḥ kakṣīvān [auśija dairghatamasa kakṣīvān];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśve devā indraśca;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स्तम्भी॑त् । ह॒ । द्याम् । सः । ध॒रुण॑म् । प्रु॒षा॒य॒त् । ऋ॒भुः । वाजा॑य । द्रवि॑णन् । नरः॑ । गोः । अनु॑ । स्व॒ऽजाम् । म॒हि॒षः । च॒क्ष॒त॒ । व्राम् । मेना॑म् । अश्व॑स्य । परि॑ । मा॒तर॑म् । गोः ॥
स्तम्भीत् । ह । द्याम् । सः । धरुणम् । प्रुषायत् । ऋभुः । वाजाय । द्रविणन् । नरः । गोः । अनु । स्वजाम् । महिषः । चक्षत । व्राम् । मेनाम् । अश्वस्य । परि । मातरम् । गोः ॥
stambhīt | ha | dyām | saḥ | dharuṇam | pruṣāyat | ṛbhuḥ | vājāya | draviṇan | naraḥ | goḥ | anu | sva-jām | mahiṣaḥ | cakṣata | vrām | menām | aśvasya | pari | mātaram | goḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.121.2 English analysis of grammar]
[verb], singular, Athematic is aor. (Ind.)
“paralyze; stiffen; fixate; fixate; stambh; rear; stop; strengthen; constipate.”
[adverb]
“indeed; ha [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“prop; foundation.”
[verb], singular, Present injunctive
“sprinkle.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Ribhus.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“prize; Vāja; reward; reward; Ribhus; vigor; strength; contest.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“wealth; property; money; jewel.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“man; man; Nara; person; people; Nara; Puruṣa; nara [word]; servant; hero.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”
[adverb]
“subsequently; behind; along; towards; because.”
[noun]
“own(a); respective(a); akin(p); sva [word]; individual; present(a); independent.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“born.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Old World buffalo; Mahiṣa; Mahiṣa.”
[verb], singular, Present injunctive
“watch; look.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“Menā; woman; Menā; Durga.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“horse; aśva [word]; Aśva; stallion.”
[adverb]
“from; about; around.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”