Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.116.12
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
तद्वां॑ नरा स॒नये॒ दंस॑ उ॒ग्रमा॒विष्कृ॑णोमि तन्य॒तुर्न वृ॒ष्टिम् । द॒ध्यङ्ह॒ यन्मध्वा॑थर्व॒णो वा॒मश्व॑स्य शी॒र्ष्णा प्र यदी॑मु॒वाच॑ ॥
तद्वां नरा सनये दंस उग्रमाविष्कृणोमि तन्यतुर्न वृष्टिम् । दध्यङ्ह यन्मध्वाथर्वणो वामश्वस्य शीर्ष्णा प्र यदीमुवाच ॥
tad vāṃ narā sanaye daṃsa ugram āviṣ kṛṇomi tanyatur na vṛṣṭim | dadhyaṅ ha yan madhv ātharvaṇo vām aśvasya śīrṣṇā pra yad īm uvāca ||
English translation:
“I proclaim, leadeers (of sacriifce), for the skae of acquiring wealth, that inimitable deed which you performed, as the thunder (announces) rain, when provided by you with the head of a horse. Dadhyañc, the son of Atharvan, taught you the mystic science.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Legend: Vana Parva, Mahābhārata: gods, being oppressed by the Kālakeya asuras, solicited from the sage Dadhica his bones, which he gave them, and from which Tvaṣṭā fabricated the thunderbolt with which Indra slew Vṛtra and routed the asuras. The text: Indra, having taught the science called pravargya vidyā and madhu-vidyā to Dadhyañc, threatened that he would cut off his head if ever he taught them to any one else; the Aśvins prevailed upon him, nevertheless, to teach them the prohibited knowledge, and, to evade Indra's threat, took off the head of the sage, replacing it by that of a horse; Indr, apprised of Dadhyañc's breach of faith, sturck off his equine head with the thunderbolt; on which, the Aśvins restored to him his own. The pravargya vidyā is said to imply certain verses of the ṛk, yajur and sāma vedas, and the madhu-vidyā the Brāhmaṇa
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kakṣīvān;Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvinau ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
तत् । वा॒म् । न॒रा॒ । स॒नये॑ । दंसः॑ । उ॒ग्रम् । आ॒विः । कृ॒णो॒मि॒ । तन्य॒तुः । न । वृ॒ष्टिम् । द॒ध्यङ् । ह॒ । यत् । मधु॑ । आ॒थ॒र्व॒णः । वा॒म् । अश्व॑स्य । सी॒र्ष्णा । प्र । यत् । ई॒म् । उ॒वाच॑ ॥
तत् । वाम् । नरा । सनये । दंसः । उग्रम् । आविः । कृणोमि । तन्यतुः । न । वृष्टिम् । दध्यङ् । ह । यत् । मधु । आथर्वणः । वाम् । अश्वस्य । सीर्ष्णा । प्र । यत् । ईम् । उवाच ॥
tat | vām | narā | sanaye | daṃsaḥ | ugram | āviḥ | kṛṇomi | tanyatuḥ | na | vṛṣṭim | dadhyaṅ | ha | yat | madhu | ātharvaṇaḥ | vām | aśvasya | sīrṣṇā | pra | yat | īm | uvāca
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.116.12 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], genitive, dual
“you.”
[noun], vocative, dual, masculine
“man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”
[noun], dative, singular, feminine
“gain.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“powerful; awful; dangerous; intense; mighty; potent; colicky; atrocious.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“show; uncover.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“thunder.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“rain; shower; rainy season.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Dadhyac.”
[adverb]
“indeed; ha [word].”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“honey; alcohol; sweet; nectar; madhu [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Atharva-Veda.”
[noun], accusative, dual
“you.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“horse; aśva [word]; Aśva; stallion.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“head; śīrṣan [word].”
[adverb]
“towards; ahead.”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[adverb]
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“say; describe; name; tell; address; enumerate; call; state; teach; explain; say; declare; speak; define; declare; order; address; recommend; answer; deem; recite; approve; proclaim; indicate; determine; mention; designate.”