Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.113.13

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

शश्व॑त्पु॒रोषा व्यु॑वास दे॒व्यथो॑ अ॒द्येदं व्या॑वो म॒घोनी॑ । अथो॒ व्यु॑च्छा॒दुत्त॑राँ॒ अनु॒ द्यून॒जरा॒मृता॑ चरति स्व॒धाभि॑: ॥
शश्वत्पुरोषा व्युवास देव्यथो अद्येदं व्यावो मघोनी । अथो व्युच्छादुत्तराँ अनु द्यूनजरामृता चरति स्वधाभिः ॥
śaśvat puroṣā vy uvāsa devy atho adyedaṃ vy āvo maghonī | atho vy ucchād uttarām̐ anu dyūn ajarāmṛtā carati svadhābhiḥ ||

English translation:

“The divine Uṣās dawned continually in former times; the source of wealth, she still rises on this (world); so will she give light hereafter, through future days, for, exempt from decay or death, she goes on in her splendour.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kutsaḥ āṅgirasaḥ [kutsa āṅgirasa];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): uṣāḥ dvitīyasyārddharcasya rātrirapi ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛtpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

शश्व॑त् । पु॒रा । उ॒षाः । वि । उ॒वा॒स॒ । दे॒वी । अथो॒ इति॑ । अ॒द्य । इ॒दम् । वि । आ॒वः॒ । म॒घोनी॑ । अथो॒ इति॑ । वि । उ॒च्छा॒त् । उत्ऽत॑रान् । अनु॑ । द्यून् । अ॒जरा॑ । अ॒मृता॑ । च॒र॒ति॒ । स्व॒धाभिः॑ ॥
शश्वत् । पुरा । उषाः । वि । उवास । देवी । अथो इति । अद्य । इदम् । वि । आवः । मघोनी । अथो इति । वि । उच्छात् । उत्तरान् । अनु । द्यून् । अजरा । अमृता । चरति । स्वधाभिः ॥
śaśvat | purā | uṣāḥ | vi | uvāsa | devī | atho iti | adya | idam | vi | āvaḥ | maghonī | atho iti | vi | ucchāt | ut-tarān | anu | dyūn | ajarā | amṛtā | carati | svadhābhiḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.113.13 English analysis of grammar]

śaśvat

[adverb]

“always; repeatedly; continually; wholly.”

puroṣā < purā

[adverb]

“once; earlier; first; purā [indecl.].”

puroṣā < uṣāḥ < uṣas

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“Ushas; dawn; uṣas [word]; morning.”

vy < vi

[adverb]

“apart; away; away.”

uvāsa < vas

[verb], singular, Perfect indicative

“dawn; shine.”

devy < devī

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“Parvati; queen; goddess; Devi.”

atho

[adverb]

“now; but; furthermore.”

adyedaṃ < adyā < adya

[adverb]

“now; today; then; nowadays; adya [word].”

adyedaṃ < idam

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

vy < vi

[adverb]

“apart; away; away.”

āvo < āvaḥ < vas

[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)

“dawn; shine.”

maghonī < maghavan

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“big.”

atho

[adverb]

“now; but; furthermore.”

vy < vi

[adverb]

“apart; away; away.”

ucchād < ucchāt < vas

[verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)

“dawn; shine.”

uttarāṃ < uttara

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“northern; following; upper; additional; better; more(a); last; concluding; superior; later(a); uttara [word]; prevailing; future; left; northerly; northerly; higher; second; dominant; excellent; chief(a).”

anu

[adverb]

“subsequently; behind; along; towards; because.”

dyūn < div

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”

ajarāmṛtā < ajarā < ajara

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“undecaying; ageless.”

ajarāmṛtā < amṛtā < amṛta

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“immortal; amṛta; imperishable.”

carati < car

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“car; wander; perform; travel; bore; produce; make; dwell; dig; act; observe; enter (a state); observe; cause; crop; behave; practice; heed; process; administer.”

svadhābhiḥ < svadhā

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“free will; offering; libation; nature; svadhā [word]; comfort; power.”

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