Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.112.21
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
याभि॑: कृ॒शानु॒मस॑ने दुव॒स्यथो॑ ज॒वे याभि॒र्यूनो॒ अर्व॑न्त॒माव॑तम् । मधु॑ प्रि॒यं भ॑रथो॒ यत्स॒रड्भ्य॒स्ताभि॑रू॒ षु ऊ॒तिभि॑रश्वि॒ना ग॑तम् ॥
याभिः कृशानुमसने दुवस्यथो जवे याभिर्यूनो अर्वन्तमावतम् । मधु प्रियं भरथो यत्सरड्भ्यस्ताभिरू षु ऊतिभिरश्विना गतम् ॥
yābhiḥ kṛśānum asane duvasyatho jave yābhir yūno arvantam āvatam | madhu priyam bharatho yat saraḍbhyas tābhir ū ṣu ūtibhir aśvinā gatam ||
English translation:
“With those aids by which you defended Kṛśānu in battle, with which you succoured the horse of the young Purukutsa in speed, and by which you deliver the plural asant honey to the bees; with them, Aśvins, come willingly hither.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Kṛśānu are somapālas, vendors or providers of Soma; hasta-suhasta-kṛśānavaḥ, te vaḥ somakrayaṇaḥ (Taittirīya Saṃhitā 1.2.7);
Kṛśānu = agni; purukutsa was the son of Mandhātā and husband of Narmadā, the river; the text has only 'of the young', Purukutsa is added
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kutsaḥ āṅgirasaḥ [kutsa āṅgirasa];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): ādime mantre prathamapādasya dyāvāpṛthivyau, dvitīyasya agniḥ, śiṣṭasya sūktasyāśvinau;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
याभिः॑ । कृ॒शानु॑म् । अस॑ने । दु॒व॒स्यथः॑ । ज॒वे । याभिः॑ । यूनः॑ । अर्व॑न्तम् । आव॑तम् । मधु॑ । प्रि॒यम् । भ॒र॒थः॒ । यत् । स॒रट्ऽभ्यः॑ । ताभिः॑ । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । सु । ऊ॒तिऽभिः॑ । अ॒श्वि॒ना॒ । आ । ग॒त॒म् ॥
याभिः । कृशानुम् । असने । दुवस्यथः । जवे । याभिः । यूनः । अर्वन्तम् । आवतम् । मधु । प्रियम् । भरथः । यत् । सरट्भ्यः । ताभिः । ऊँ इति । सु । ऊतिभिः । अश्विना । आ । गतम् ॥
yābhiḥ | kṛśānum | asane | duvasyathaḥ | jave | yābhiḥ | yūnaḥ | arvantam | āvatam | madhu | priyam | bharathaḥ | yat | saraṭ-bhyaḥ | tābhiḥ | oṃ iti | su | ūti-bhiḥ | aśvinā | ā | gatam
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.112.21 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; Plumbago zeylanica.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
[verb], dual, Present indikative
“worship.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“speed; Java; speed.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“young person; yuvan [word]; taruṇabandha; yuvan; yuvan; young buck; young.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“horse.”
[verb], dual, Imperfect
“support; help; prefer; prefer; like.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“honey; alcohol; sweet; nectar; madhu [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“beloved; pleasant; dear; fond(p); wanted; priya [word]; favorite; good; liked; suitable; proper.”
[verb], dual, Present indikative
“bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[noun], dative, plural, masculine
[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[adverb]
“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
“aid; favor; ūti [word].”
[noun], vocative, dual, masculine
“Asvins; two.”
[verb], dual, Aorist imperative
“go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”