Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.112.14

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

याभि॑र्म॒हाम॑तिथि॒ग्वं क॑शो॒जुवं॒ दिवो॑दासं शम्बर॒हत्य॒ आव॑तम् । याभि॑: पू॒र्भिद्ये॑ त्र॒सद॑स्यु॒माव॑तं॒ ताभि॑रू॒ षु ऊ॒तिभि॑रश्वि॒ना ग॑तम् ॥
याभिर्महामतिथिग्वं कशोजुवं दिवोदासं शम्बरहत्य आवतम् । याभिः पूर्भिद्ये त्रसदस्युमावतं ताभिरू षु ऊतिभिरश्विना गतम् ॥
yābhir mahām atithigvaṃ kaśojuvaṃ divodāsaṃ śambarahatya āvatam | yābhiḥ pūrbhidye trasadasyum āvataṃ tābhir ū ṣu ūtibhir aśvinā gatam ||

English translation:

“With those aids by which you defended the mighty and hospitable Divodāsa, (when, having undertaken) the death of Śambara, he hid himself in the water (through fear of the asuras); by which you protected Trasadasyu in war; with them, Aśvins, come willingly hither.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Divodāsa was a king (Viṣṇu Purāṇa, 407); he is called atithigva, the cherisher of guests (atithi); Trasadasyu was the son of Purukutsa (Viṣṇu Purāṇa)

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kutsaḥ āṅgirasaḥ [kutsa āṅgirasa];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): ādime mantre prathamapādasya dyāvāpṛthivyau, dvitīyasya agniḥ, śiṣṭasya sūktasyāśvinau;
Chandas (meter): jagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

याभिः॑ । म॒हाम् । अ॒ति॒थि॒ऽग्वम् । क॒शः॒ऽजुव॑म् । दिवः॑ऽदासम् । श॒म्ब॒र॒ऽहत्ये॑ । आव॑तम् । याभिः॑ । पूः॒ऽभिद्ये॑ । त्र॒सद॑स्युम् । आव॑तम् । ताभिः॑ । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । सु । ऊ॒तिऽभिः॑ । अ॒श्वि॒ना॒ । आ । ग॒त॒म् ॥
याभिः । महाम् । अतिथिग्वम् । कशःजुवम् । दिवःदासम् । शम्बरहत्ये । आवतम् । याभिः । पूःभिद्ये । त्रसदस्युम् । आवतम् । ताभिः । ऊँ इति । सु । ऊतिभिः । अश्विना । आ । गतम् ॥
yābhiḥ | mahām | atithi-gvam | kaśaḥ-juvam | divaḥ-dāsam | śambara-hatye | āvatam | yābhiḥ | pūḥ-bhidye | trasadasyum | āvatam | tābhiḥ | oṃ iti | su | ūti-bhiḥ | aśvinā | ā | gatam

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.112.14 English analysis of grammar]

yābhir < yābhiḥ < yad

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

mahām < mahat

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“large; eminent; great; loud; dangerous; strong; long; high; much(a); mahant [word]; ample; very; great; adult; important; dark; high; abundant; violent; remarkable; mighty; big; long.”

atithigvaṃ < atithigvam < atithigva

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

kaśojuvaṃ < kaśojuvam < kaśojū

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

divodāsaṃ < divodāsam < divodāsa

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Divodāsa.”

śambarahatya < śambara

[noun], masculine

“Śambara; Śambara.”

śambarahatya < hatye < hatya

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“killing.”

āvatam < av

[verb], dual, Imperfect

“support; help; prefer; prefer; like.”

yābhiḥ < yad

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

pūrbhidye < pūḥ < pur

[noun], feminine

“fortress; pur [word]; town; purā [indecl.]; mahant.”

pūrbhidye < bhidye < bhidya

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

trasadasyum < trasadasyu

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Trasadasyu.”

āvataṃ < āvatam < av

[verb], dual, Imperfect

“support; help; prefer; prefer; like.”

tābhir < tābhiḥ < tad

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

ū < u

[adverb]

“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”

ṣu < su

[adverb]

“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

ūtibhir < ūtibhiḥ < ūti

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“aid; favor; ūti [word].”

aśvinā < aśvin

[noun], vocative, dual, masculine

“Asvins; two.”

gatam < gam

[verb], dual, Aorist imperative

“go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”

Like what you read? Consider supporting this website: