Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.112.13

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

याभि॒: सूर्यं॑ परिया॒थः प॑रा॒वति॑ मन्धा॒तारं॒ क्षैत्र॑पत्ये॒ष्वाव॑तम् । याभि॒र्विप्रं॒ प्र भ॒रद्वा॑ज॒माव॑तं॒ ताभि॑रू॒ षु ऊ॒तिभि॑रश्वि॒ना ग॑तम् ॥
याभिः सूर्यं परियाथः परावति मन्धातारं क्षैत्रपत्येष्वावतम् । याभिर्विप्रं प्र भरद्वाजमावतं ताभिरू षु ऊतिभिरश्विना गतम् ॥
yābhiḥ sūryam pariyāthaḥ parāvati mandhātāraṃ kṣaitrapatyeṣv āvatam | yābhir vipram pra bharadvājam āvataṃ tābhir ū ṣu ūtibhir aśvinā gatam ||

English translation:

“With those aids by which you encompassed the sun, when afar off, (to extricate him from eclipse); by which you defended Mandhātā in (the discharge of) his soverign functions, and by whciḥ you protected the sage Bharadvāja; with them, Aśvins, come willingly hither.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Mandhātā was a rājaṛṣi, a royal sage. Māndhātrā is a celebrated prince of the solar dynasty (Viṣnu Purāṇa, 363);

Kṣetrapati = lord, either of fields or of the earth. Bharadvāja, vipra = brāhmaṇa, medhāvin, wise (Viṣnu Purāṇa 449)

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kutsaḥ āṅgirasaḥ [kutsa āṅgirasa];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): ādime mantre prathamapādasya dyāvāpṛthivyau, dvitīyasya agniḥ, śiṣṭasya sūktasyāśvinau;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

याभिः॑ । सूर्य॑म् । प॒रि॒ऽया॒थः । प॒रा॒ऽवति॑ । म॒न्धा॒तार॑म् । क्षैत्र॑ऽपत्येषु । आव॑तम् । याभिः॑ । विप्र॑म् । प्र । भ॒रत्ऽवा॑जम् । आव॑तम् । ताभिः॑ । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । सु । ऊ॒तिऽभिः॑ । अ॒श्वि॒ना॒ । आ । ग॒त॒म् ॥
याभिः । सूर्यम् । परियाथः । परावति । मन्धातारम् । क्षैत्रपत्येषु । आवतम् । याभिः । विप्रम् । प्र । भरत्वाजम् । आवतम् । ताभिः । ऊँ इति । सु । ऊतिभिः । अश्विना । आ । गतम् ॥
yābhiḥ | sūryam | pari-yāthaḥ | parāvati | mandhātāram | kṣaitra-patyeṣu | āvatam | yābhiḥ | vipram | pra | bharat-vājam | āvatam | tābhiḥ | oṃ iti | su | ūti-bhiḥ | aśvinā | ā | gatam

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.112.13 English analysis of grammar]

yābhiḥ < yad

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

sūryam < sūrya

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”

pariyāthaḥ < pariyā < √yā

[verb], dual, Present indikative

parāvati < parāvat

[noun], locative, singular, feminine

“distance; distance; distance.”

mandhātāraṃ < mandhātāram < mandhātṛ

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

kṣaitrapatyeṣv < kṣaitrapatyeṣu < kṣaitrapatya

[noun], locative, plural, neuter

āvatam < av

[verb], dual, Imperfect

“support; help; prefer; prefer; like.”

yābhir < yābhiḥ < yad

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

vipram < vipra

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“eloquent; stimulated; divine.”

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

bharadvājam < bharadvāja

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Bharadvāja; Droṇa; Bharadvāja; skylark.”

āvataṃ < āvatam < av

[verb], dual, Imperfect

“support; help; prefer; prefer; like.”

tābhir < tābhiḥ < tad

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

ū < u

[adverb]

“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”

ṣu < su

[adverb]

“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

ūtibhir < ūtibhiḥ < ūti

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“aid; favor; ūti [word].”

aśvinā < aśvin

[noun], vocative, dual, masculine

“Asvins; two.”

gatam < gam

[verb], dual, Aorist imperative

“go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”

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