Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.109.8
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
पुरं॑दरा॒ शिक्ष॑तं वज्रहस्ता॒स्माँ इ॑न्द्राग्नी अवतं॒ भरे॑षु । तन्नो॑ मि॒त्रो वरु॑णो मामहन्ता॒मदि॑ति॒: सिन्धु॑: पृथि॒वी उ॒त द्यौः ॥
पुरंदरा शिक्षतं वज्रहस्तास्माँ इन्द्राग्नी अवतं भरेषु । तन्नो मित्रो वरुणो मामहन्तामदितिः सिन्धुः पृथिवी उत द्यौः ॥
puraṃdarā śikṣataṃ vajrahastāsmām̐ indrāgnī avatam bhareṣu | tan no mitro varuṇo māmahantām aditiḥ sindhuḥ pṛthivī uta dyauḥ ||
English translation:
“Indra and Agni, wielders of the thunderbolt, overturners of cities, grant us wealth, defens us in battles; and may Mitra, Varuṇa, Aditi--ocean, earth and heaven, be propitious to this (our prayer).”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kutsaḥ āṅgirasaḥ [kutsa āṅgirasa];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indrāgnī ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
पुर॑म्ऽदरा॑ । शिक्ष॑तम् । व॒ज्र॒ऽह॒स्ता॒ । अ॒स्मान् । इ॒न्द्रा॒ग्नी॒ इति॑ । अ॒व॒त॒म् । भरे॑षु । तत् । नः॒ । मि॒त्रः । वरु॑णः । म॒म॒ह॒न्ता॒म् । अदि॑तिः । सिन्धुः॑ । पृ॒थि॒वी । उ॒त । द्यौः ॥
पुरम्दरा । शिक्षतम् । वज्रहस्ता । अस्मान् । इन्द्राग्नी इति । अवतम् । भरेषु । तत् । नः । मित्रः । वरुणः । ममहन्ताम् । अदितिः । सिन्धुः । पृथिवी । उत । द्यौः ॥
puram-darā | śikṣatam | vajra-hastā | asmān | indrāgnī iti | avatam | bhareṣu | tat | naḥ | mitraḥ | varuṇaḥ | mamahantām | aditiḥ | sindhuḥ | pṛth ivī | uta | dyauḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.109.8 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], vocative, dual, masculine
“Indra; puraṃdara [word].”
[verb], dual, Present imperative
“help; give.”
[noun], masculine
“vajra; Vajra; vajra; vajra; lightning; abhra; vajramūṣā; diamond; vajra [word]; vajrakapāṭa; vajra; vaikrānta.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“hand; hand; proboscis; hasta [word]; autograph.”
[noun], accusative, plural
“I; mine.”
[noun], masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], vocative, dual, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[verb], dual, Present imperative
“support; help; prefer; prefer; like.”
[noun], locative, plural, masculine
“battle; weight; foray; bhṛ; load.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], dative, plural
“I; mine.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“friend; Mitra; mitra [word]; sun; ally.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”
[verb], plural, Perfect imperative
“give; accord.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“Aditi; aditi [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“river; Indus; sindhu [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“Earth; pṛthivī; floor; Earth; earth; pṛthivī [word]; land.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”