Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.109.1

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

वि ह्यख्यं॒ मन॑सा॒ वस्य॑ इ॒च्छन्निन्द्रा॑ग्नी ज्ञा॒स उ॒त वा॑ सजा॒तान् । नान्या यु॒वत्प्रम॑तिरस्ति॒ मह्यं॒ स वां॒ धियं॑ वाज॒यन्ती॑मतक्षम् ॥
वि ह्यख्यं मनसा वस्य इच्छन्निन्द्राग्नी ज्ञास उत वा सजातान् । नान्या युवत्प्रमतिरस्ति मह्यं स वां धियं वाजयन्तीमतक्षम् ॥
vi hy akhyam manasā vasya icchann indrāgnī jñāsa uta vā sajātān | nānyā yuvat pramatir asti mahyaṃ sa vāṃ dhiyaṃ vājayantīm atakṣam ||

English translation:

Indra and Agni, desirous of wealth, I consider you, in my mind, as kinsmen and relations; the clear understanding you have given me, (is given) by no one else, and (so gifted), I have composed this hymn to you, intimating my wish for sustenance.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kutsaḥ āṅgirasaḥ [kutsa āṅgirasa];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indrāgnī ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

वि । हि । अख्य॑म् । मन॑सा । वस्यः॑ । इ॒च्छन् । इन्द्रा॑ग्नी॒ इति॑ । ज्ञा॒सः । उ॒त । वा॒ । स॒ऽजा॒तान् । न । अ॒न्या । यु॒वत् । प्रऽम॑तिः । अ॒स्ति॒ । मह्य॑म् । सः । वा॒म् । धिय॑म् । वा॒ज॒ऽयन्ती॑म् । अ॒त॒क्ष॒म् ॥
वि । हि । अख्यम् । मनसा । वस्यः । इच्छन् । इन्द्राग्नी इति । ज्ञासः । उत । वा । सजातान् । न । अन्या । युवत् । प्रमतिः । अस्ति । मह्यम् । सः । वाम् । धियम् । वाजयन्तीम् । अतक्षम् ॥
vi | hi | akhyam | manasā | vasyaḥ | icchan | indrāgnī iti | jñāsaḥ | uta | vā | sa-jātān | na | anyā | yuvat | pra-matiḥ | asti | mahyam | saḥ | vām | dhiyam | vāja-yantīm | atakṣam

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.109.1 English analysis of grammar]

vi

[adverb]

“apart; away; away.”

hy < hi

[adverb]

“because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”

akhyam < khyā

[verb], singular, Thematic aorist (Ind.)

“name; describe; call; enumerate; watch; know.”

manasā < manas

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“mind; Manas; purpose; idea; attention; heart; decision; manas [word]; manas [indecl.]; spirit; temper; intelligence.”

vasya < vasyaḥ < vasyas

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“good fortune; well-being.”

icchann < icchan < iṣ

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“desire; recommend; approve; seek; call; search; try; prefer; love; commend; assent; permit; choose.”

indrāgnī < indra

[noun], masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

indrāgnī < agnī < agni

[noun], vocative, dual, masculine

“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

jñāsa < jñāsaḥ < jñās

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“relative.”

uta

[adverb]

“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”

[adverb]

“or; optionally; either.”

sajātān < sajāta

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“kinsman; companion; relative; countryman.”

nānyā < na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

nānyā < anyā < anya

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“other; another(a); remaining; different; anya [word]; other than; more(a); fresh; any(a).”

yuvat < tvad

[noun], ablative, dual

“you.”

pramatir < pramatiḥ < pramati

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“care; solicitude; caution; providence.”

asti < as

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

mahyaṃ < mahyam < mad

[noun], dative, singular

“I; mine.”

sa < tad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

vāṃ < vām < tvad

[noun], dative, dual

“you.”

dhiyaṃ < dhiyam < dhī

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“intelligence; prayer; mind; insight; idea; hymn; purpose; art; knowledge.”

vājayantīm < vājay < √vaj

[verb noun], accusative, singular

“incite.”

atakṣam < takṣ

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“produce; shape; fashion; chisel; invent.”

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