Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.101.2

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यो व्यं॑सं जाहृषा॒णेन॑ म॒न्युना॒ यः शम्ब॑रं॒ यो अह॒न्पिप्रु॑मव्र॒तम् । इन्द्रो॒ यः शुष्ण॑म॒शुषं॒ न्यावृ॑णङ्म॒रुत्व॑न्तं स॒ख्याय॑ हवामहे ॥
यो व्यंसं जाहृषाणेन मन्युना यः शम्बरं यो अहन्पिप्रुमव्रतम् । इन्द्रो यः शुष्णमशुषं न्यावृणङ्मरुत्वन्तं सख्याय हवामहे ॥
yo vyaṃsaṃ jāhṛṣāṇena manyunā yaḥ śambaraṃ yo ahan piprum avratam | indro yaḥ śuṣṇam aśuṣaṃ ny āvṛṇaṅ marutvantaṃ sakhyāya havāmahe ||

English translation:

“We invoke to be our friend, Indra, who is attended by the Maruts; he who, with increasing wrath, slew the mutilated Vṛtra and Śambara, and the unrighteous Pipru, and who extirpated the unabsorbable Śuṣṇa

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Śambara and Pipru are asuras;

Pipru = avratam, not performing or opposing vratas, religious rites; aśuṣam śuṣṇam = the dryer up, i.e. who cannot be absorbed

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kutsaḥ āṅgirasaḥ [kutsa āṅgirasa];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): virāḍjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यः । विऽअं॑सम् । ज॒हृ॒षा॒णेन॑ । म॒न्युना॑ । यः । शम्ब॑रम् । यः । अह॑न् । पिप्रु॑म् । अ॒व्र॒तम् । इन्द्रः॑ । यः । शुष्ण॑म् । अ॒शुष॑म् । नि । अवृ॑णक् । म॒रुत्व॑न्तम् । स॒ख्याय॑ । ह॒वा॒म॒हे॒ ॥
यः । विअंसम् । जहृषाणेन । मन्युना । यः । शम्बरम् । यः । अहन् । पिप्रुम् । अव्रतम् । इन्द्रः । यः । शुष्णम् । अशुषम् । नि । अवृणक् । मरुत्वन्तम् । सख्याय । हवामहे ॥
yaḥ | vi-aṃsam | jahṛṣāṇena | manyunā | yaḥ | śambaram | yaḥ | ahan | piprum | avratam | indraḥ | yaḥ | śuṣṇam | aśuṣam | ni | avṛṇak | marutvantam | sakhyāya | havāmahe

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.101.2 English analysis of grammar]

yo < yaḥ < yad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

vyaṃsaṃ < vyaṃsam < vyaṃsa

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

jāhṛṣāṇena < hṛṣ

[verb noun], instrumental, singular

“rejoice; bristle; thrill.”

manyunā < manyu

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

“anger; fury; rage; wrath.”

yaḥ < yad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

śambaraṃ < śambaram < śambara

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Śambara; Śambara.”

yo < yaḥ < yad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

ahan < han

[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)

“kill; cure; māray; remove; destroy; hit; injure; damage; destroy; paralyze; hurt; forge; beat; cut off; stop; overwhelm; kick; hunt; affect; strike; hammer; love; obstruct; shoot.”

piprum < pipru

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Pipru.”

avratam < avrata

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“disobedient; evil.”

indro < indraḥ < indra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

yaḥ < yad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

śuṣṇam < śuṣṇa

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Śuṣṇa.”

aśuṣaṃ < aśuṣam < aśuṣa

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“edacious.”

ny < ni

[adverb]

“back; down.”

āvṛṇaṅ < āvṛṇak < āvṛj < √vṛj

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“appropriate; accord.”

marutvantaṃ < marutvantam < marutvant

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Indra; marutvant [word].”

sakhyāya < sakhya

[noun], dative, singular, neuter

“friendship; aid; company.”

havāmahe < hvā

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“raise; call on; call; summon.”

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