Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.100.18

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

दस्यू॒ञ्छिम्यूँ॑श्च पुरुहू॒त एवै॑र्ह॒त्वा पृ॑थि॒व्यां शर्वा॒ नि ब॑र्हीत् । सन॒त्क्षेत्रं॒ सखि॑भिः श्वि॒त्न्येभि॒: सन॒त्सूर्यं॒ सन॑द॒पः सु॒वज्र॑: ॥
दस्यूञ्छिम्यूँश्च पुरुहूत एवैर्हत्वा पृथिव्यां शर्वा नि बर्हीत् । सनत्क्षेत्रं सखिभिः श्वित्न्येभिः सनत्सूर्यं सनदपः सुवज्रः ॥
dasyūñ chimyūm̐ś ca puruhūta evair hatvā pṛthivyāṃ śarvā ni barhīt | sanat kṣetraṃ sakhibhiḥ śvitnyebhiḥ sanat sūryaṃ sanad apaḥ suvajraḥ ||

English translation:

Indra, who is invoked by many, attended by the moving (Maruts), having attacked the Dasyus and the Śimyus, slew them with his thunderbolt; the thunderer then divided the fields with his white-complexioned friends, and rescued the sun and set free the water.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Śimyus = enemies and rākṣasas; sakhibhi s-vitnyebhiḥ: winds or Maruts; allusion to earthly friends or worshippers of Indra, who were white (śvitnya)

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vṛṣāgiro mahārājasya putrabhūtā vārṣāgirā ṛjrāśvāmbarīṣasahadeva bhayamānasurādhasaḥ [vṛṣāgira mahārājasya putrabhūtā vārṣāgiras ṛjrāśvāmbarīṣasahadeva bhayamānasurādhasa];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

दस्यू॑न् । शिम्यू॑न् । च॒ । पु॒रु॒ऽहू॒तः । एवैः॑ । ह॒त्वा । पृ॒थि॒व्याम् । शर्वा॑ । नि । ब॒र्ही॒त् । सन॑त् । क्षेत्र॑म् । सखि॑ऽभिः । श्वि॒त्न्येभिः॑ । सन॑त् । सूर्य॑म् । सन॑त् । अ॒पः । सु॒ऽवज्रः॑ ॥
दस्यून् । शिम्यून् । च । पुरुहूतः । एवैः । हत्वा । पृथिव्याम् । शर्वा । नि । बर्हीत् । सनत् । क्षेत्रम् । सखिभिः । श्वित्न्येभिः । सनत् । सूर्यम् । सनत् । अपः । सुवज्रः ॥
dasyūn | śimyūn | ca | puru-hūtaḥ | evaiḥ | hatvā | pṛthivyām | śarvā | ni | barhīt | sanat | kṣetram | sakhi-bhiḥ | śvitnyebhiḥ | sanat | sūryam | sanat | apaḥ | su-vajraḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.100.18 English analysis of grammar]

dasyūñchimyūṃś < dasyūn < dasyu

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“savage; outcast; mugger.”

dasyūñchimyūṃś < śimyūn < śimyu

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

ca

[adverb]

“and; besides; then; now; even.”

puruhūta < puruhūtaḥ < puruhūta

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Indra; Vishnu.”

evair < evaiḥ < eva

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“eva [word]; habit; manner; behavior; custom.”

hatvā < han

[verb noun]

“kill; cure; māray; remove; destroy; hit; injure; damage; destroy; paralyze; hurt; forge; beat; cut off; stop; overwhelm; kick; hunt; affect; strike; hammer; love; obstruct; shoot.”

pṛthivyāṃ < pṛthivyām < pṛthivī

[noun], locative, singular, feminine

“Earth; pṛthivī; floor; Earth; earth; pṛthivī [word]; land.”

śarvā < śaru

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“arrow.”

ni

[adverb]

“back; down.”

barhīt < bṛṃh

[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)

sanat < san

[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)

“win; get; gain.”

kṣetraṃ < kṣetram < kṣetra

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“field; location; habitat; country; area; earth; region; estate; body; kṣetra [word]; kṣetradoṣa; seat; reincarnation; uterus.”

sakhibhiḥ < sakhi

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“friend; companion; sakhi [word].”

śvitnyebhiḥ < śvitnya

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“whitish.”

sanat < san

[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)

“win; get; gain.”

sūryaṃ < sūryam < sūrya

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”

sanad < sanat < san

[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)

“win; get; gain.”

apaḥ < ap

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”

suvajraḥ < su

[adverb]

“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

suvajraḥ < vajraḥ < vajra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“vajra; Vajra; vajra; vajra; lightning; abhra; vajramūṣā; diamond; vajra [word]; vajrakapāṭa; vajra; vaikrānta.”

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