Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.95.5
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
आ॒विष्ट्यो॑ वर्धते॒ चारु॑रासु जि॒ह्माना॑मू॒र्ध्वः स्वय॑शा उ॒पस्थे॑ । उ॒भे त्वष्टु॑र्बिभ्यतु॒र्जाय॑मानात्प्रती॒ची सिं॒हं प्रति॑ जोषयेते ॥
आविष्ट्यो वर्धते चारुरासु जिह्मानामूर्ध्वः स्वयशा उपस्थे । उभे त्वष्टुर्बिभ्यतुर्जायमानात्प्रतीची सिंहं प्रति जोषयेते ॥
āviṣṭyo vardhate cārur āsu jihmānām ūrdhvaḥ svayaśā upasthe | ubhe tvaṣṭur bibhyatur jāyamānāt pratīcī siṃham prati joṣayete ||
English translation:
“Appearing amongst them (the waters), the bright-shining (Agni) increases, rising above the flanks of the waving waters, spreading his own renown; both (heaven and earth) are alarmed, as the radiant Agni is born, and, approaching the lion, they pay him honour.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Above the flanks of the waving waters: jihmānām apām upasthe, above, on the side, or tip, of the crooked waters; reference to Agni as the lightning; approaching the lion: siṃha applied to Agni, implying sahanaśīlam, abhibhāvana śīlam, ability to suffer or be overcome
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kutsaḥ āṅgirasaḥ [kutsa āṅgirasa];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): satyaguṇaviśiṣṭo'gniḥ śuddho'gnirvā;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
आ॒विःऽत्यः॑ । व॒र्ध॒ते॒ । चारुः॑ । आ॒सु॒ । जि॒ह्माना॑म् । ऊ॒र्ध्वः । स्वऽय॑शाः । उ॒पऽस्थे॑ । उ॒भे इति॑ । त्वष्टुः॑ । बि॒भ्य॒तुः॒ । जाय॑मानात् । प्र॒ती॒ची इति॑ । सिं॒हम् । प्रति॑ । जो॒ष॒ये॒ते॒ इति॑ ॥
आविःत्यः । वर्धते । चारुः । आसु । जिह्मानाम् । ऊर्ध्वः । स्वयशाः । उपस्थे । उभे इति । त्वष्टुः । बिभ्यतुः । जायमानात् । प्रतीची इति । सिंहम् । प्रति । जोषयेते इति ॥
āviḥ-tyaḥ | vardhate | cāruḥ | āsu | jihmānām | ūrdhvaḥ | sva-yaśāḥ | upa-sthe | ubhe | iti | tvaṣṭuḥ | bibhyatuḥ | jāyamānāt | pratīcī iti | siṃham | prati | joṣayeteiti
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.95.5 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“increase; grow; vṛdh; increase; succeed; strengthen; grow up; spread.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“pleasant; beautiful; beloved; agreeable; cāru [word].”
[noun], locative, plural, feminine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], genitive, plural, feminine
“crooked; oblique; crooked.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“upper; up(a); upper; upward; erect; more(a); raised; ūrdhva [word]; acclivitous; overturned; loud; eminent; high.”
[noun]
“own(a); respective(a); akin(p); sva [word]; individual; present(a); independent.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“fame; Yaśas.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“genitalia; lap; sexual desire; anus.”
[noun], nominative, dual, feminine
“both(a).”
[noun], ablative, singular, masculine
“Tvaṣṭṛ; Viśvakarman; sun.”
[verb], dual, Perfect indicative
“fear; fear.”
[verb noun], ablative, singular
“become; originate; be born; transform; happen; result; grow; beget; produce; create; conceive; separate; cause; give birth; grow; produce; generate; be; become; arise; come on.”
[noun], nominative, dual, feminine
“western; facing; westbound; backward; pratyañc [word]; inverted.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“lion; hero; best; leader; siṃha [word].”
[adverb]
“towards; per; regarding; respectively; according to; until.”
[verb], dual, Present indikative