Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.94.16
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स त्वम॑ग्ने सौभग॒त्वस्य॑ वि॒द्वान॒स्माक॒मायु॒: प्र ति॑रे॒ह दे॑व । तन्नो॑ मि॒त्रो वरु॑णो मामहन्ता॒मदि॑ति॒: सिन्धु॑: पृथि॒वी उ॒त द्यौः ॥
स त्वमग्ने सौभगत्वस्य विद्वानस्माकमायुः प्र तिरेह देव । तन्नो मित्रो वरुणो मामहन्तामदितिः सिन्धुः पृथिवी उत द्यौः ॥
sa tvam agne saubhagatvasya vidvān asmākam āyuḥ pra tireha deva | tan no mitro varuṇo māmahantām aditiḥ sindhuḥ pṛthivī uta dyauḥ ||
English translation:
“Do you, divine Agni, who kno what is good fortune, on this occasion prolong our existence, and may Mitra, Varuṇa, Aditi, ocean, earth and heaven, preserve it to us.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The second pāda of this hymn terminates the following sūktas from 95 to 101 (with teo exceptions). Sindhu: divinity presiding over, or identified with, flowing water; and it may mean either the sea, or flowing steams collectively, or the river Sindhu. Pṛthivī and Dyu are the person nified earth and heaven. These are requested to honour, i.e. to preserve or perpetuate, whatever blessing has been asked for (tan māmahantam); from maha = to venerate or worship;
Tad = that, refers to āyus or life
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kutsaḥ āṅgirasaḥ [kutsa āṅgirasa];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
सः । त्वम् । अ॒ग्ने॒ । सौ॒भ॒ग॒ऽत्वस्य॑ । वि॒द्वान् । अ॒स्माक॑म् । आयुः॑ । प्र । ति॒र॒ । इ॒ह । दे॒व॒ । तत् । नः॒ । मि॒त्रः । वरु॑णः । म॒म॒ह॒न्ता॒म् । अदि॑तिः । सिन्धुः॑ । पृ॒थि॒वी । उ॒त । द्यौः ॥
सः । त्वम् । अग्ने । सौभगत्वस्य । विद्वान् । अस्माकम् । आयुः । प्र । तिर । इह । देव । तत् । नः । मित्रः । वरुणः । ममहन्ताम् । अदितिः । सिन्धुः । पृथिवी । उत । द्यौः ॥
saḥ | tvam | agne | saubhaga-tvasya | vidvān | asmākam | āyuḥ | pra | tira | iha | deva | tat | naḥ | mitraḥ | varuṇaḥ | mamahantām | aditiḥ | sindhuḥ | pṛthivī | uta | dyauḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.94.16 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], neuter
“well-being.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“state; quality; cause; reason.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”
[noun], genitive, plural
“I; mine.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“life; longevity; āyus; life; āyus [word]; Āyus.”
[adverb]
“towards; ahead.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“traverse; overcome; float; rescue; reach; satisfy.”
[adverb]
“here; now; in this world; now; below; there; here; just.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], dative, plural
“I; mine.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“friend; Mitra; mitra [word]; sun; ally.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”
[verb], plural, Perfect imperative
“give; accord.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“Aditi; aditi [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“river; Indus; sindhu [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“Earth; pṛthivī; floor; Earth; earth; pṛthivī [word]; land.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”