Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.94.8
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
पूर्वो॑ देवा भवतु सुन्व॒तो रथो॒ऽस्माकं॒ शंसो॑ अ॒भ्य॑स्तु दू॒ढ्य॑: । तदा जा॑नीतो॒त पु॑ष्यता॒ वचोऽग्ने॑ स॒ख्ये मा रि॑षामा व॒यं तव॑ ॥
पूर्वो देवा भवतु सुन्वतो रथोऽस्माकं शंसो अभ्यस्तु दूढ्यः । तदा जानीतोत पुष्यता वचोऽग्ने सख्ये मा रिषामा वयं तव ॥
pūrvo devā bhavatu sunvato ratho 'smākaṃ śaṃso abhy astu dūḍhyaḥ | tad ā jānītota puṣyatā vaco 'gne sakhye mā riṣāmā vayaṃ tava ||
English translation:
“Gods, let the chariot of the offerer of the libation be foremost; let our denunciations overwhelm the wicked; understand and fulfil my words let us not suffer injury, Agni, through your friendship.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Deva: all gods are but portions or members of Agni;
Pūrva = before; explaiend as mukhya, principal
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kutsaḥ āṅgirasaḥ [kutsa āṅgirasa];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
पू॒र्वः॑ । दे॒वाः॒ । भ॒व॒तु॒ । सु॒न्व॒तः । रथः॑ । अ॒स्माकम् । शंसः॑ । अ॒भि । अ॒स्तु॒ । दुः॒ऽध्यः॑ । तत् । आ । जा॒नी॒त॒ । उ॒त । पु॒ष्य॒त॒ । वचः॑ । अग्ने॑ । स॒ख्ये । मा । रि॒षा॒म॒ । व॒यम् । तव॑ ॥
पूर्वः । देवाः । भवतु । सुन्वतः । रथः । अस्माकम् । शंसः । अभि । अस्तु । दुःध्यः । तत् । आ । जानीत । उत । पुष्यत । वचः । अग्ने । सख्ये । मा । रिषाम । वयम् । तव ॥
pūrvaḥ | devāḥ | bhavatu | sunvataḥ | rathaḥ | asmākam | śaṃsaḥ | abhi | astu | duḥ-dhyaḥ | tat | ā | jānīta | uta | puṣyata | vacaḥ | agne | sakhye | mā | riṣāma | vayam | tava
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.94.8 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“aforesaid(a); antecedent; previous(a); first; eastern; former(a); pūrva [word]; age-old; anterior; bygone; fore(a); predictive; firstborn; easterly; instrumental.”
[noun], vocative, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”
[verb noun], genitive, singular
“press out; su.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”
[noun], genitive, plural
“I; mine.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“praise; śaṃs; recitation.”
[adverb]
“towards; on.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“malevolent.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[verb], plural, Present imperative
“know; diagnose; perceive; know; come to know; notice; determine; think of; find; learn; perceive; identify; recognize; understand; know; learn; ascertain; detect; deem.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
[verb], plural, Present imperative
“boom; grow; promote; foster.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“statement; command; speech; words; advice; word; voice.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“friendship; aid; company.”
[adverb]
“not.”
[verb], plural, Aorist conj./subj.
“suffer; harm.”
[noun], nominative, plural
“I; mine.”
[noun], genitive, singular
“you.”