Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.94.3
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
श॒केम॑ त्वा स॒मिधं॑ सा॒धया॒ धिय॒स्त्वे दे॒वा ह॒विर॑द॒न्त्याहु॑तम् । त्वमा॑दि॒त्याँ आ व॑ह॒ तान्ह्यु१॒॑श्मस्यग्ने॑ स॒ख्ये मा रि॑षामा व॒यं तव॑ ॥
शकेम त्वा समिधं साधया धियस्त्वे देवा हविरदन्त्याहुतम् । त्वमादित्याँ आ वह तान्ह्युश्मस्यग्ने सख्ये मा रिषामा वयं तव ॥
śakema tvā samidhaṃ sādhayā dhiyas tve devā havir adanty āhutam | tvam ādityām̐ ā vaha tān hy uśmasy agne sakhye mā riṣāmā vayaṃ tava ||
English translation:
“May we be able to kindle you; perfect the rite, for through you the gods partake of the offered oblations; bring hither the Ādityas, for we love them; let us not suffer injury, Agni, through your friendship.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Ādityas: sons of Aditi, i.e. all the gods
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kutsaḥ āṅgirasaḥ [kutsa āṅgirasa];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
श॒केम॑ । त्वा॒ । स॒म्ऽइध॑म् । सा॒धय॑ । धियः॑ । त्वे॒ । दे॒वाः । ह॒विः । अ॒द॒न्ति॒ । आऽहु॑तम् । त्वम् । आ॒दि॒त्यान् । आ । व॒ह॒ । तान् । हि । उ॒श्मसि॑ । अग्ने॑ । स॒ख्ये । मा । रि॒षा॒म॒ । व॒यम् । तव॑ ॥
शकेम । त्वा । सम्इधम् । साधय । धियः । त्वे । देवाः । हविः । अदन्ति । आहुतम् । त्वम् । आदित्यान् । आ । वह । तान् । हि । उश्मसि । अग्ने । सख्ये । मा । रिषाम । वयम् । तव ॥
śakema | tvā | sam-idham | sādhaya | dhiyaḥ | tve | devāḥ | haviḥ | adanti | āhutam | tvam | ādityān | ā | vaha | tān | hi | uśmasi | agne | sakhye | mā | riṣāma | vayam | tava
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.94.3 English analysis of grammar]
[verb], plural, Aorist optative
“can; invigorate.”
[noun], accusative, singular
“you.”
[verb noun]
“kindle; blaze.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“prepare; cure; prepare; perform; produce; compound; treat; treat; overpower; achieve; use; cover; prove; prove; process.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“intelligence; prayer; mind; insight; idea; hymn; purpose; art; knowledge.”
[noun], locative, singular
“you.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“Havya; offering; ghee; havis [word].”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“eat; devour.”
[verb noun], accusative, singular
“sacrifice; sprinkle.”
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“sun; Aditya; Surya; āditya [word].”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“transport; bring; marry; run; drive; vāhay; drive; run; pull; nirvāpay; blow; transport; discharge; assume; remove.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[adverb]
“because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“desire; agree; call; care; like; love.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“friendship; aid; company.”
[adverb]
“not.”
[verb], plural, Aorist conj./subj.
“suffer; harm.”
[noun], nominative, plural
“I; mine.”
[noun], genitive, singular
“you.”