Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.92.12
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
प॒शून्न चि॒त्रा सु॒भगा॑ प्रथा॒ना सिन्धु॒र्न क्षोद॑ उर्वि॒या व्य॑श्वैत् । अमि॑नती॒ दैव्या॑नि व्र॒तानि॒ सूर्य॑स्य चेति र॒श्मिभि॑र्दृशा॒ना ॥
पशून्न चित्रा सुभगा प्रथाना सिन्धुर्न क्षोद उर्विया व्यश्वैत् । अमिनती दैव्यानि व्रतानि सूर्यस्य चेति रश्मिभिर्दृशाना ॥
paśūn na citrā subhagā prathānā sindhur na kṣoda urviyā vy aśvait | aminatī daivyāni vratāni sūryasya ceti raśmibhir dṛśānā ||
English translation:
“The affluent and adorable Uṣas has sent her rays abroad, as (a cowherd drives) the cattle (to pasture), and spreads expansive, like flowing water; she is beheld associated with the rays of the sun, unimpeding sacred ceremonies.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Aminatī daivyāni vratāni = not injuring, i.e. favouring, divine rites to the gods, which are to be performed by daylight (after dawn): na rātrau na sāyam asti devāya ajuṣṭam = sacrifice is not acceptable to the gods at night, or in the evening (RV. 5.77.2)
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gotamo rāhūgaṇaḥ [gotama rāhūgaṇa];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): uṣāḥ ;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
प॒शून् । न । चि॒त्रा । सु॒ऽभगा॑ । प्र॒था॒ना । सिन्धुः॑ । न । क्षोदः॑ । उ॒र्वि॒या । वि । अ॒श्वै॒त् । अमि॑नती । दैव्या॑नि । व्र॒तानि॑ । सूर्य॑स्य । चे॒ति॒ । र॒श्मिऽभिः॑ । दृ॒शा॒ना ॥
पशून् । न । चित्रा । सुभगा । प्रथाना । सिन्धुः । न । क्षोदः । उर्विया । वि । अश्वैत् । अमिनती । दैव्यानि । व्रतानि । सूर्यस्य । चेति । रश्मिभिः । दृशाना ॥
paśūn | na | citrā | su-bhagā | prathānā | sindhuḥ | na | kṣodaḥ | urviyā | vi | aśvait | aminatī | daivyāni | vratāni | sūryasya | ceti | raśmi-bhiḥ | dṛśānā
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.92.12 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“domestic animal; sacrificial animal; animal; cattle; Paśu; stupid; Paśu; herd; goat.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“manifold; extraordinary; beautiful; divers(a); varicolored; bright; bright; bright; outstanding; agitated; aglitter(p); brilliant; painted; obvious; patched; bizarre.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“beautiful; auspicious; beloved; fine-looking; fortunate; subhaga [word]; charming; pleasing; lucky.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“be known; expand; expand; boom.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“river; Indus; sindhu [word].”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“swell.”
[adverb]
“wide; widely.”
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[verb], singular, Athematic s aor. (Ind.)
“shine.”
[adverb]
“not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“transgress; damage.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“divine; divine; celestial.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“vrata (vote); commandment; law; oath; command; rule; custom; vrata [word]; rule; behavior.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”
[verb], singular, Aorist passive
“notice; observe; attend to; intend.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“beam; rein; sunbeam; shininess; cord.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“see; observe; view; visit; look; learn; meet; read; teach; examine; watch; see; notice; perceive; diagnose; travel to; show; detect; know; know; understand; understand; follow.”