Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.92.11

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

व्यू॒र्ण्व॒ती दि॒वो अन्ताँ॑ अबो॒ध्यप॒ स्वसा॑रं सनु॒तर्यु॑योति । प्र॒मि॒न॒ती म॑नु॒ष्या॑ यु॒गानि॒ योषा॑ जा॒रस्य॒ चक्ष॑सा॒ वि भा॑ति ॥
व्यूर्ण्वती दिवो अन्ताँ अबोध्यप स्वसारं सनुतर्युयोति । प्रमिनती मनुष्या युगानि योषा जारस्य चक्षसा वि भाति ॥
vyūrṇvatī divo antām̐ abodhy apa svasāraṃ sanutar yuyoti | praminatī manuṣyā yugāni yoṣā jārasya cakṣasā vi bhāti ||

English translation:

“She has been seen illuminating the boundaries of the sky, and driving into disappearance the spontaneously-retiring (night); wearing away the ages of the human race, she shines with light like the bride of the sun.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Svasāram = svayam sarantim, going to her own accord (night);

Jāra = causer of the decay of night, explained as Sūrya

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gotamo rāhūgaṇaḥ [gotama rāhūgaṇa];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): uṣāḥ ;
Chandas (meter): bhurikpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

वि॒ऽऊ॒र्ण्व॒ती । दि॒वः । अन्ता॑न् । अ॒बो॒धि॒ । अप॑ । स्वसा॑रम् । स॒नु॒तः । यु॒यो॒ति॒ । प्र॒ऽमि॒न॒ती । म॒नु॒ष्या॑ । यु॒गानि॑ । योषा॑ । जा॒रस्य॑ । चक्ष॑सा । वि । भा॒ति॒ ॥
विऊर्ण्वती । दिवः । अन्तान् । अबोधि । अप । स्वसारम् । सनुतः । युयोति । प्रमिनती । मनुष्या । युगानि । योषा । जारस्य । चक्षसा । वि । भाति ॥
vi-ūrṇvatī | divaḥ | antān | abodhi | apa | svasāram | sanutaḥ | yuyoti | pra-m inatī | manuṣyā | yugāni | yoṣā | jārasya | cakṣasā | vi | bhāti

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.92.11 English analysis of grammar]

vyūrṇvatī < vivṛ < √vṛ

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“open; comment; uncover; disclose.”

divo < divaḥ < div

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”

antāṃ < anta

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“end; last syllable; end; end; boundary; inside; border; death; anta [word]; edge; end; shore; limit; region; outskirt; destruction; boundary; limit; anta; termination; corner; conclusion; hem; end; ant; edge.”

abodhy < abodhi < budh

[verb], singular, Aorist passive

“understand; notice; wake up; observe; detect; attend to; awaken; attend.”

apa

[adverb]

“away.”

svasāraṃ < svasāram < svasṛ

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“sister; svasṛ [word].”

sanutar

[adverb]

“away.”

yuyoti < yu

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“keep away; separate; ward off.”

praminatī < pramī < √mī

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“destroy.”

manuṣyā < manuṣya

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“human.”

yugāni < yuga

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“Yuga; yoke; couple; coevals; generation; lustrum; two; pair; yuga [word]; Yuga; race.”

yoṣā

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“woman; puppet; daughter.”

jārasya < jāra

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“fancy man.”

cakṣasā < cakṣas

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“eye; look; radiance.”

vi

[adverb]

“apart; away; away.”

bhāti < bhā

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“look; shine; show; look like; glitter; reflect.”

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