Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.91.23

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

दे॒वेन॑ नो॒ मन॑सा देव सोम रा॒यो भा॒गं स॑हसावन्न॒भि यु॑ध्य । मा त्वा त॑न॒दीशि॑षे वी॒र्य॑स्यो॒भये॑भ्य॒: प्र चि॑कित्सा॒ गवि॑ष्टौ ॥
देवेन नो मनसा देव सोम रायो भागं सहसावन्नभि युध्य । मा त्वा तनदीशिषे वीर्यस्योभयेभ्यः प्र चिकित्सा गविष्टौ ॥
devena no manasā deva soma rāyo bhāgaṃ sahasāvann abhi yudhya | mā tvā tanad īśiṣe vīryasyobhayebhyaḥ pra cikitsā gaviṣṭau ||

English translation:

“Divine and potent Soma, bestow upon us, with your brilliant mind, a portion of wealth; may no (adversary) annoy you; you are supreme over the valour of (any) two (mutual) opponents; defend us (from our enemies) in battle.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Allusions to Soma, the product of the earth and Soma, the moon

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gotamo rāhūgaṇaḥ [gotama rāhūgaṇa];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): somaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

दे॒वेन॑ । नः॒ । मन॑सा । दे॒व॒ । सो॒म॒ । रा॒यः । भा॒गम् । स॒ह॒सा॒ऽव॒न् । अ॒भि । यु॒ध्य॒ । मा । त्वा । त॒न॒त् । ईशि॑षे । वी॒र्य॑स्य । उ॒भये॑भ्यः । प्र । चि॒कि॒त्स॒ । गोऽइ॑ष्टौ ॥
देवेन । नः । मनसा । देव । सोम । रायः । भागम् । सहसावन् । अभि । युध्य । मा । त्वा । तनत् । ईशिषे । वीर्यस्य । उभयेभ्यः । प्र । चिकित्स । गोइष्टौ ॥
devena | naḥ | manasā | deva | soma | rāyaḥ | bhāgam | sahasāvan | abhi | yudhya | mā | tvā | tanat | īśiṣe | vīryasya | ubhayebhyaḥ | pra | cikitsa | go--iṣṭau

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.91.23 English analysis of grammar]

devena < deva

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“divine.”

no < naḥ < mad

[noun], dative, plural

“I; mine.”

manasā < manas

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“mind; Manas; purpose; idea; attention; heart; decision; manas [word]; manas [indecl.]; spirit; temper; intelligence.”

deva

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

soma

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

rāyo < rāyaḥ < rai

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“wealth; possession; rai [word]; gold.”

bhāgaṃ < bhāgam < bhāga

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“part; part; part; parcel; quarter; body part; location; region; allotment; part; numerator; division; application; function; outside; bhāga [word]; volume; helping.”

sahasāvann < sahasāvan < sahasāvat

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“mighty.”

abhi

[adverb]

“towards; on.”

yudhya < yudh

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“fight; overcome.”

[adverb]

“not.”

tvā < tvad

[noun], accusative, singular

“you.”

tanad < tanat < tan

[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)

“expand; perform; cause; increase; write; spread; produce; spread; speak; propagate.”

īśiṣe < īś

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“govern; command; master; dominate; can; reign; control; own.”

vīryasyobhayebhyaḥ < vīryasya < vīrya

[noun], genitive, singular, neuter

“potency; vīrya; heroism; potency; strength; semen; power; deed; active agent; efficacy; vīryapāramitā; gold; vigor; vīrya [word]; virility; manfulness; jewel; force.”

vīryasyobhayebhyaḥ < ubhayebhyaḥ < ubhaya

[noun], dative, plural, masculine

“both(a).”

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

cikitsā < cikitsāḥ < cikits

[verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)

“cure; understand; take care; heal.”

gaviṣṭau < gaviṣṭi

[noun], locative, singular, feminine

“foray.”

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