Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.91.5
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वं सो॑मासि॒ सत्प॑ति॒स्त्वं राजो॒त वृ॑त्र॒हा । त्वं भ॒द्रो अ॑सि॒ क्रतु॑: ॥
त्वं सोमासि सत्पतिस्त्वं राजोत वृत्रहा । त्वं भद्रो असि क्रतुः ॥
tvaṃ somāsi satpatis tvaṃ rājota vṛtrahā | tvam bhadro asi kratuḥ ||
English translation:
“You, Soma, are the protector, the soverign of the pious, or even the slayer of Vṛtra; you are holy sacrifice..”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Satpatis tvam rājā uta: sat may also mean brāhmaṇa, hence: the protector, or lord (pati), or the king (rājā of the brāhmaṇas); you are holy sacrifice: Soma is identified with the sacrifice, from the essential part it performs in it: tadrūpo bhavanti sādhyatvād yajñānām
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gotamo rāhūgaṇaḥ [gotama rāhūgaṇa];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): somaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): pādanicṛdgāyatrī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वम् । सो॒म॒ । अ॒सि॒ । सत्ऽप॑तिः । त्वम् । राजा॑ । उ॒त । वृ॒त्र॒ऽहा । त्वम् । भ॒द्रः । अ॒सि॒ । क्रतुः॑ ॥
त्वम् । सोम । असि । सत्पतिः । त्वम् । राजा । उत । वृत्रहा । त्वम् । भद्रः । असि । क्रतुः ॥
tvam | soma | asi | sat-patiḥ | tvam | rājā | uta | vṛtra-hā | tvam | bhadraḥ | asi | kratuḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.91.5 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[noun]
“good; good; real; existent; virtuous; sat [prefix]; real.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“husband; overlord; king; deity; īśvara; ruler; pati [word]; commanding officer; leader; owner; mayor; lord.”
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“king; Kshatriya; rājan [word]; best; rājāvarta; Yakṣa.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
[noun], masculine
“Vṛtra; vṛtra [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“killing; curative; destroying; removing; māraka; stabbing.”
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“auspicious; lovely; good; happy; bhadra [word]; lucky; fine-looking; beautiful.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“yajña; decision; plan; deliberation; intelligence; Kratu; will; kratu [word]; desire; resoluteness; ritual.”