Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.87.2

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

उ॒प॒ह्व॒रेषु॒ यदचि॑ध्वं य॒यिं वय॑ इव मरुत॒: केन॑ चित्प॒था । श्चोत॑न्ति॒ कोशा॒ उप॑ वो॒ रथे॒ष्वा घृ॒तमु॑क्षता॒ मधु॑वर्ण॒मर्च॑ते ॥
उपह्वरेषु यदचिध्वं ययिं वय इव मरुतः केन चित्पथा । श्चोतन्ति कोशा उप वो रथेष्वा घृतमुक्षता मधुवर्णमर्चते ॥
upahvareṣu yad acidhvaṃ yayiṃ vaya iva marutaḥ kena cit pathā | ścotanti kośā upa vo ratheṣv ā ghṛtam ukṣatā madhuvarṇam arcate ||

English translation:

“When, Maruts, flying like birds along a certain path (of the sky), you collect the moving passing (clouds) in the nearest portions (of the firmament), then, coming into collision with your cars, they pour forth (the waters); therefore, do you shower upon your worshipper the honey-coloured rain.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Madhuvarṇam = having the colour of honey, i.e. being equally pure (svaccha)

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gotamo rāhūgaṇaputraḥ [gotama rāhūgaṇaputra];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): marūtaḥ;
Chandas (meter): virāḍjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

उ॒प॒ऽह्व॒रेषु॒ । यत् । अचि॑ध्वम् । य॒यिम् । वयः॑ऽइव । म॒रु॒तः॒ । केन॑ । चि॒त् । प॒था । श्चोत॑न्ति । कोशाः॑ । उप॑ । वः॒ । रथे॑षु । आ । घृ॒तम् । उ॒क्ष॒त॒ । मधु॑ऽवर्ण॑म् । अर्च॑ते ॥
उपह्वरेषु । यत् । अचिध्वम् । ययिम् । वयःइव । मरुतः । केन । चित् । पथा । श्चोतन्ति । कोशाः । उप । वः । रथेषु । आ । घृतम् । उक्षत । मधुवर्णम् । अर्चते ॥
upa-hvareṣu | yat | acidhvam | yayim | vayaḥ-iva | marutaḥ | kena | cit | pathā | ścotanti | kośāḥ | upa | vaḥ | ratheṣu | ā | ghṛtam | ukṣata | madhu-varṇam | arcate

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.87.2 English analysis of grammar]

upahvareṣu < upahvara

[noun], locative, plural, neuter

“proximity.”

yad < yat

[adverb]

“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

acidhvaṃ < acidhvam < ci

[verb], plural, Root aorist (Ind.)

“observe; detect; notice; heed; mind.”

yayiṃ < yayim < yayi

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

vaya < vayaḥ < vi

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“vi; bird; vi.”

iva

[adverb]

“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

marutaḥ < marut

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“Marut; vāta; wind; Vayu.”

kenacit < kenacid < kaścit

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

“any(a); some(a); some(a); some(a); some(a).”

pathā < pathin

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

“way; road; path [word]; journey; method.”

ścotanti < ścut

[verb], plural, Present indikative

kośā < kośāḥ < kośa

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“treasury; sheath; Kośa; scrotum; bud; vessel; kośa [word]; treasure; calyx; container; bucket; box.”

upa

[adverb]

“towards; on; next.”

vo < vaḥ < tvad

[noun], genitive, plural

“you.”

ratheṣv < ratheṣu < ratha

[noun], locative, plural, masculine

“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

ghṛtam < ghṛta

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“ghee; fat.”

ukṣatā < ukṣ

[verb], plural, Present imperative

“sprinkle; wet.”

madhuvarṇam < madhu

[noun], neuter

“honey; alcohol; sweet; nectar; madhu [word].”

madhuvarṇam < varṇam < varṇa

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“color; caste; complexion; vowel; varṇa [word]; vowel; syllable; appearance; Karat; people; beauty; varṇa; gold; color; complexion.”

arcate < arc

[verb noun], dative, singular

“sing; worship; honor; praise; welcome.”

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