Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.84.10

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

स्वा॒दोरि॒त्था वि॑षू॒वतो॒ मध्व॑: पिबन्ति गौ॒र्य॑: । या इन्द्रे॑ण स॒याव॑री॒र्वृष्णा॒ मद॑न्ति शो॒भसे॒ वस्वी॒रनु॑ स्व॒राज्य॑म् ॥
स्वादोरित्था विषूवतो मध्वः पिबन्ति गौर्यः । या इन्द्रेण सयावरीर्वृष्णा मदन्ति शोभसे वस्वीरनु स्वराज्यम् ॥
svādor itthā viṣūvato madhvaḥ pibanti gauryaḥ | yā indreṇa sayāvarīr vṛṣṇā madanti śobhase vasvīr anu svarājyam ||

English translation:

“The white cows drink of the sweet Soma thus poured forth, and associated with the bountiful Indra, for the sake of beauty, rejoice; abiding (in their stalls), they are expectant of his sovereignty.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

This hymn and the following two hymns end with the refrain: vasvīranu svarājyam, lit. dwelling after, according to, his own dominion. 'These cows who, by giving milk, are the means of providing habitaiton (nivāsakāriṇyaḥ), remain looking to the kingdom of him, or Indra'

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gotamo rāhūgaṇaḥ [gotama rāhūgaṇa];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): virāḍāstārapaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

स्वा॒दोः । इ॒त्था । वि॒षु॒ऽवतः॑ । मध्वः॑ । पि॒ब॒न्ति॒ । गौ॒र्यः॑ । याः । इन्द्रे॑ण । स॒ऽयाव॑रीः । वृष्णा॑ । मद॑न्ति । शो॒भसे॑ । वस्वीः॑ । अनु॑ । स्व॒ऽराज्य॑म् ॥
स्वादोः । इत्था । विषुवतः । मध्वः । पिबन्ति । गौर्यः । याः । इन्द्रेण । सयावरीः । वृष्णा । मदन्ति । शोभसे । वस्वीः । अनु । स्वराज्यम् ॥
svādoḥ | itthā | viṣu-vataḥ | madhvaḥ | pibanti | gauryaḥ | yāḥ | indreṇa | sa-yāvarīḥ | vṛṣṇā | madanti | śobhase | vasvīḥ | anu | sva-rājyam

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.84.10 English analysis of grammar]

svādor < svādoḥ < svādu

[noun], genitive, singular, neuter

“Madhura; sweet; sweet; dainty; agreeable.”

itthā

[adverb]

“thus; here.”

viṣūvato < viṣūvataḥ < viṣūvat

[noun], genitive, singular, neuter

madhvaḥ < madhu

[noun], genitive, singular, neuter

“honey; alcohol; sweet; nectar; madhu [word].”

pibanti <

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“drink; gulp; soak; drink; suck; inhale.”

gauryaḥ < gaurī

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“Parvati; gorocanā; turmeric; gaurī; gaurīpāṣāṇa; abhra; Gaurī.”

< yāḥ < yad

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

indreṇa < indra

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

sayāvarīr < sa

[adverb]

“with; little; together.”

sayāvarīr < yāvarīḥ < yāvan

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“traveler.”

vṛṣṇā < vṛṣan

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

“bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”

madanti < mad

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“rut; intoxicate; delight; revel; rejoice; drink; ramp; exult.”

śobhase < śubh

[verb noun]

“look; shine; beautify.”

vasvīr < vasvīḥ < vasu

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“good; good; benign; vasu [word].”

anu

[adverb]

“subsequently; behind; along; towards; because.”

svarājyam < sva

[noun]

“own(a); respective(a); akin(p); sva [word]; individual; present(a); independent.”

svarājyam < rājyam < rājya

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“kingdom; kingship; sovereignty; rājya [word].”

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