Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.81.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
क्रत्वा॑ म॒हाँ अ॑नुष्व॒धं भी॒म आ वा॑वृधे॒ शव॑: । श्रि॒य ऋ॒ष्व उ॑पा॒कयो॒र्नि शि॒प्री हरि॑वान्दधे॒ हस्त॑यो॒र्वज्र॑माय॒सम् ॥
क्रत्वा महाँ अनुष्वधं भीम आ वावृधे शवः । श्रिय ऋष्व उपाकयोर्नि शिप्री हरिवान्दधे हस्तयोर्वज्रमायसम् ॥
kratvā mahām̐ anuṣvadham bhīma ā vāvṛdhe śavaḥ | śriya ṛṣva upākayor ni śiprī harivān dadhe hastayor vajram āyasam ||
English translation:
“Mighty through sacrifice, formidable (to foes), partaking of the sacrificial food, Indra has augmented his strength; plural asing in appearance, having a handsome chin, and possessing (bright) coursers, he grasps the metal thunder-bolt in his contiguous hands for (our) prosperity.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gotamo rāhūgaṇaḥ [gotama rāhūgaṇa];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): paṅktiḥ ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
क्रत्वा॑ । म॒हान् । अ॒नु॒ऽस्व॒धम् । भी॒मः । आ । व॒वृ॒धे॒ । शवः॑ । श्रि॒ये । ऋ॒ष्वः । उ॒पा॒कयोः॑ । नि । शि॒प्री । हरि॑ऽवान् । द॒धे॒ । हस्त॑योः । वज्र॑म् । आ॒य॒सम् ॥
क्रत्वा । महान् । अनुस्वधम् । भीमः । आ । ववृधे । शवः । श्रिये । ऋष्वः । उपाकयोः । नि । शिप्री । हरिवान् । दधे । हस्तयोः । वज्रम् । आयसम् ॥
kratvā | mahān | anu-svadham | bhīmaḥ | ā | vavṛdhe | śavaḥ | śriye | ṛṣvaḥ | upākayoḥ | ni | śiprī | hari-vān | dadhe | hastayoḥ | vajram | āyasam
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.81.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
“yajña; decision; plan; deliberation; intelligence; Kratu; will; kratu [word]; desire; resoluteness; ritual.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“large; eminent; great; loud; dangerous; strong; long; high; much(a); mahant [word]; ample; very; great; adult; important; dark; high; abundant; violent; remarkable; mighty; big; long.”
[adverb]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“awful; amazing; terrific; enormous; bhīma [word]; fearful.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“increase; grow; vṛdh; increase; succeed; strengthen; grow up; spread.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“strength; power; superiority.”
[noun], dative, singular, feminine
“mister; Ms.; Lakshmi; good fortune; well-being; magnificence; glory; beauty; Aegle marmelos (Linn.) Correa; dignity; power; śrī [word]; śrī; prosperity; auspiciousness.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“distinguished; high; noble; enormous.”
[noun], locative, dual, masculine
[adverb]
“back; down.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”
[noun], locative, dual, masculine
“hand; hand; proboscis; hasta [word]; autograph.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“vajra; Vajra; vajra; vajra; lightning; abhra; vajramūṣā; diamond; vajra [word]; vajrakapāṭa; vajra; vaikrānta.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“iron; metallic.”