Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.80.2
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स त्वा॑मद॒द्वृषा॒ मद॒: सोम॑: श्ये॒नाभृ॑तः सु॒तः । येना॑ वृ॒त्रं निर॒द्भ्यो ज॒घन्थ॑ वज्रि॒न्नोज॒सार्च॒न्ननु॑ स्व॒राज्य॑म् ॥
स त्वामदद्वृषा मदः सोमः श्येनाभृतः सुतः । येना वृत्रं निरद्भ्यो जघन्थ वज्रिन्नोजसार्चन्ननु स्वराज्यम् ॥
sa tvāmadad vṛṣā madaḥ somaḥ śyenābhṛtaḥ sutaḥ | yenā vṛtraṃ nir adbhyo jaghantha vajrinn ojasārcann anu svarājyam ||
English translation:
“That exceedingly exhilarating Soma, which was brought by the hawk (from heaven), when poured forth, has exhilarated you, so that in your vigour, thunderer, you have struck Vṛtra from the sky, manifesting your own sovereignty.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Brought by the hawk: śyenabhṛta, brought from heaven by gāyatrī, having the wings of a hawk
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gotamo rāhūgaṇaḥ [gotama rāhūgaṇa];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): bhurigbṛhatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
सः । त्वा॒ । अ॒म॒द॒त् । वृषा॑ । मदः॑ । सोमः॑ । श्ये॒नऽआ॑भृतः । सु॒तः । येन॑ । वृ॒त्रम् । निः । अ॒त्ऽभ्यः । ज॒घन्थ॑ । व॒ज्रि॒न् । ओज॑सा । अर्च॑न् । अनु॑ । स्व॒ऽराज्य॑म् ॥
सः । त्वा । अमदत् । वृषा । मदः । सोमः । श्येनआभृतः । सुतः । येन । वृत्रम् । निः । अत्भ्यः । जघन्थ । वज्रिन् । ओजसा । अर्चन् । अनु । स्वराज्यम् ॥
saḥ | tvā | amadat | vṛṣā | madaḥ | somaḥ | śyena-ābhṛtaḥ | sutaḥ | yena | vṛtram | niḥ | at-bhyaḥ | jaghantha | vajrin | ojasā | arcan | anu | sva-rājyam
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.80.2 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], accusative, singular
“you.”
[verb], singular, Thematic aorist (Ind.)
“rut; intoxicate; delight; revel; rejoice; drink; ramp; exult.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“bullocky; potent; powerful; strong; manly; aroused; potent; much(a); male; large.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“drunkenness; mada; estrus; excitement; sexual arousal; alcohol; musth; mad; mada; ecstasy; pride; drink; joy; arrogance; vivification.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”
[noun], masculine
“hawk; bird of prey; falcon; Śyena; eagle; śyena [word]; Śyena.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“bring.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“press out; su.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Vṛtra; vṛtra [word].”
[adverb]
“niḥ; away; out; without.”
[noun], ablative, plural, feminine
“water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“kill; cure; māray; remove; destroy; hit; injure; damage; destroy; paralyze; hurt; forge; beat; cut off; stop; overwhelm; kick; hunt; affect; strike; hammer; love; obstruct; shoot.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra; vajra; Euphorbia neriifolia L.; abhra; Buddha.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“strength; power; ojas; ojas [word]; potency; might.”
[verb], plural, Present injunctive
“sing; worship; honor; praise; welcome.”
[adverb]
“subsequently; behind; along; towards; because.”
[noun]
“own(a); respective(a); akin(p); sva [word]; individual; present(a); independent.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“kingdom; kingship; sovereignty; rājya [word].”