Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.78.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
तमु॑ त्वा वृत्र॒हन्त॑मं॒ यो दस्यूँ॑रवधूनु॒षे । द्यु॒म्नैर॒भि प्र णो॑नुमः ॥
तमु त्वा वृत्रहन्तमं यो दस्यूँरवधूनुषे । द्युम्नैरभि प्र णोनुमः ॥
tam u tvā vṛtrahantamaṃ yo dasyūm̐r avadhūnuṣe | dyumnair abhi pra ṇonumaḥ ||
English translation:
“We praise you repeatedly with commendatory (hymns), who are the destroyer of Vṛtra, and who put the Dasyus to flight.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gotamo rāhūgaṇaḥ [gotama rāhūgaṇa];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): gāyatrī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
तम् । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । त्वा॒ । वृ॒त्र॒हन्ऽत॑मम् । यः । दस्यू॑न् । अ॒व॒ऽधू॒नु॒षे । द्यु॒म्नैः । अ॒भि । प्र । नो॒नु॒मः॒ ॥
तम् । ऊँ इति । त्वा । वृत्रहन्तमम् । यः । दस्यून् । अवधूनुषे । द्युम्नैः । अभि । प्र । नोनुमः ॥
tam | oṃ iti | tvā | vṛtrahan-tamam | yaḥ | dasyūn | ava-dhūnuṣe | dyumnaiḥ | abhi | pra | nonumaḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.78.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[adverb]
“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
[noun], accusative, singular
“you.”
[noun], masculine
“enemy.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“killing.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“savage; outcast; mugger.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“shake.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, neuter
“magnificence.”
[adverb]
“towards; on.”
[adverb]
“towards; ahead.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“bellow.”