Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.78.1

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒भि त्वा॒ गोत॑मा गि॒रा जात॑वेदो॒ विच॑र्षणे । द्यु॒म्नैर॒भि प्र णो॑नुमः ॥
अभि त्वा गोतमा गिरा जातवेदो विचर्षणे । द्युम्नैरभि प्र णोनुमः ॥
abhi tvā gotamā girā jātavedo vicarṣaṇe | dyumnair abhi pra ṇonumaḥ ||

English translation:

“Knower and beholder of all that exists (jātanām veditaḥ). Gotama celebrates you, Agni, with praise; we praise you repeatedly with commendatory (hymns).”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Gotamaḥ, is singular though plural ral is used honorifically; Mantras (hymns) is added; the text has only dyumnaiḥ, with bright, or those manifesting Agni's worth

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gotamo rāhūgaṇaḥ [gotama rāhūgaṇa];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): gāyatrī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒भि । त्वा॒ । गोत॑माः । गि॒रा । जात॑ऽवेदः । विऽच॑र्षणे । द्यु॒म्नैः । अ॒भि । प्र । नो॒नु॒मः॒ ॥
अभि । त्वा । गोतमाः । गिरा । जातवेदः । विचर्षणे । द्युम्नैः । अभि । प्र । नोनुमः ॥
abhi | tvā | gotamāḥ | girā | jāta-vedaḥ | vi-carṣaṇe | dyumnaiḥ | abhi | pra | nonumaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.78.1 English analysis of grammar]

abhi

[adverb]

“towards; on.”

tvā < tvad

[noun], accusative, singular

“you.”

gotamā < gotamāḥ < gotama

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“Gotama; gotama [word].”

girā < gir

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“hymn; praise; voice; words; invocation; command; statement; cry; language.”

jātavedo < jātavedaḥ < jātavedas

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Agni; fire.”

vicarṣaṇe < vicarṣaṇi

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“excellent.”

dyumnair < dyumnaiḥ < dyumna

[noun], instrumental, plural, neuter

“magnificence.”

abhi

[adverb]

“towards; on.”

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

ṇonumaḥ < nonāv < √nū

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“bellow.”

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