Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.73.2
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
दे॒वो न यः स॑वि॒ता स॒त्यम॑न्मा॒ क्रत्वा॑ नि॒पाति॑ वृ॒जना॑नि॒ विश्वा॑ । पु॒रु॒प्र॒श॒स्तो अ॒मति॒र्न स॒त्य आ॒त्मेव॒ शेवो॑ दिधि॒षाय्यो॑ भूत् ॥
देवो न यः सविता सत्यमन्मा क्रत्वा निपाति वृजनानि विश्वा । पुरुप्रशस्तो अमतिर्न सत्य आत्मेव शेवो दिधिषाय्यो भूत् ॥
devo na yaḥ savitā satyamanmā kratvā nipāti vṛjanāni viśvā | purupraśasto amatir na satya ātmeva śevo didhiṣāyyo bhūt ||
English translation:
“He who is like the divine Sun, who know the truth (of things), preserves by his actions (his votaries) in all encounters; like nature, he is unchangeable and, like soul, is the source of happiness; he is ever to be cherished.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Amati = rūpa, svarūpa, peculiar form of nature; Like soul which is the seat and source of all happiness, so Agni, the chief agent of sacrifice is the main cause of felicity both here and hereafter: Brihadāraṇyaka Upaniṣad 4.3.32
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): parāśaraḥ śāktaḥ [parāśara śākta];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
दे॒वः । न । यः । स॒वि॒ता । स॒त्यऽम॑न्मा । क्रत्वा॑ । नि॒ऽपाति॑ । वृ॒जना॑नि । विश्वा॑ । पु॒रु॒ऽप्र॒श॒स्तः । अ॒मतिः॑ । न । स॒त्यः । आ॒त्माऽइ॑व । शेवः॑ । दि॒धि॒षाय्यः॑ । भू॒त् ॥
देवः । न । यः । सविता । सत्यमन्मा । क्रत्वा । निपाति । वृजनानि । विश्वा । पुरुप्रशस्तः । अमतिः । न । सत्यः । आत्माइव । शेवः । दिधिषाय्यः । भूत् ॥
devaḥ | na | yaḥ | savitā | satya-manmā | kratvā | ni-pāti | vṛjanāni | viśvā | puru-praśastaḥ | amatiḥ | na | satyaḥ | ātmāiva | śevaḥ | didhiṣāyyaḥ | bhūt
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.73.2 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Savitar; sun; Surya; Savitṛ.”
[noun]
“true; real; real; faithful; good.”
[noun], nominative, plural, neuter
“hymn; idea; purpose.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
“yajña; decision; plan; deliberation; intelligence; Kratu; will; kratu [word]; desire; resoluteness; ritual.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“guard.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“community; settlement.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
[noun]
“many; much(a); very.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“recommend; approve; praise; laud; favor; proclaim.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“effigy; ignorance; light; light; luster; form.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“true; real; real; faithful; good.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“self; nature; Ātman; mind; soul; self; body; character; ātman [word]; person; life; peculiarity.”
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“friendly; favorable; dear.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”