Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.72.10
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अधि॒ श्रियं॒ नि द॑धु॒श्चारु॑मस्मिन्दि॒वो यद॒क्षी अ॒मृता॒ अकृ॑ण्वन् । अध॑ क्षरन्ति॒ सिन्ध॑वो॒ न सृ॒ष्टाः प्र नीची॑रग्ने॒ अरु॑षीरजानन् ॥
अधि श्रियं नि दधुश्चारुमस्मिन्दिवो यदक्षी अमृता अकृण्वन् । अध क्षरन्ति सिन्धवो न सृष्टाः प्र नीचीरग्ने अरुषीरजानन् ॥
adhi śriyaṃ ni dadhuś cārum asmin divo yad akṣī amṛtā akṛṇvan | adha kṣaranti sindhavo na sṛṣṭāḥ pra nīcīr agne aruṣīr ajānan ||
English translation:
“(The offerers of oblations) have plural ced in this (Agni) the graceful honours (of the ceremony), and the two portions of clarified butter that are the two eyes (of the sacrifice); then the immortals come from heaven, and your bright flames, Agni, spread in all directions like rushing rivers, and the gods perceive it (and rejoice).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Two eyes: the allusion is to two portions of the clarified butter (Taittirīya Saṃhitā 2.6.2.1)
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): parāśaraḥ śāktaḥ [parāśara śākta];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अधि॑ । श्रिय॑म् । नि । द॒धुः॒ । चारु॑म् । अ॒स्मि॒न् । दि॒वः । यत् । अ॒क्षी इति॑ । अ॒मृताः॑ । अकृ॑ण्वन् । अध॑ । क्ष॒र॒न्ति॒ । सिन्ध॑वः । न । सृ॒ष्टाः । प्र । नीचीः॑ । अ॒ग्ने॒ । अरु॑षीः । अ॒जा॒न॒न् ॥
अधि । श्रियम् । नि । दधुः । चारुम् । अस्मिन् । दिवः । यत् । अक्षी इति । अमृताः । अकृण्वन् । अध । क्षरन्ति । सिन्धवः । न । सृष्टाः । प्र । नीचीः । अग्ने । अरुषीः । अजानन् ॥
adhi | śriyam | ni | dadhuḥ | cārum | asmin | divaḥ | yat | akṣī iti | amṛtāḥ | akṛṇvan | adha | kṣaranti | sindhavaḥ | na | sṛṣṭāḥ | pra | nīcīḥ | agne | aruṣīḥ | ajānan
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.72.10 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“on; from; accordingly.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“mister; Ms.; Lakshmi; good fortune; well-being; magnificence; glory; beauty; Aegle marmelos (Linn.) Correa; dignity; power; śrī [word]; śrī; prosperity; auspiciousness.”
[adverb]
“back; down.”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“pleasant; beautiful; beloved; agreeable; cāru [word].”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[noun], accusative, dual, neuter
“eye; akṣi [word]; two.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“immortal; amṛta; imperishable.”
[verb], plural, Imperfect
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[adverb]
“then; and; therefore; now.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“run; melt.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“river; Indus; sindhu [word].”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[verb noun], nominative, plural
“create; shoot; discharge; free; cause; throw; emit; send; produce; use; be born; make.”
[adverb]
“towards; ahead.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“red; red.”
[verb], plural, Imperfect
“know; diagnose; perceive; know; come to know; notice; determine; think of; find; learn; perceive; identify; recognize; understand; know; learn; ascertain; detect; deem.”