Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.66.9

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

तं व॑श्च॒राथा॑ व॒यं व॑स॒त्यास्तं॒ न गावो॒ नक्ष॑न्त इ॒द्धम् ॥
तं वश्चराथा वयं वसत्यास्तं न गावो नक्षन्त इद्धम् ॥
taṃ vaś carāthā vayaṃ vasatyāstaṃ na gāvo nakṣanta iddham ||

English translation:

“[9-10] Let us approach that blazing Agni with animal and vegetable offerings, as cows hasten to their stalls. He has tossed about his flames (in every direction), like running streams of water; the rays comingle (with the radiance) visible in the sky.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Caratha and vasthaya are explained as animal and vegetable offerings; further elaboration: tat prabhāvaiḥ bṛdayādibhiḥ sādhyāhutiḥ, paśuprabhāva-hṛdayādisādhanāyāhutya, these are invocations prompted by minds purified by offerings of moveable things, that is, animals; or of immoveable things, as rice, and the like

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): parāśaraḥ śāktaḥ [parāśara śākta];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): Dvipadaa viraat;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

तम् । वः॒ । च॒राथा॑ । व॒यम् । व॒स॒त्या अस्त॑म् । न । गावः॑ । नक्ष॑न्ते । इ॒द्धम् ॥
तम् । वः । चराथा । वयम् । वसत्या अस्तम् । न । गावः । नक्षन्ते । इद्धम् ॥
tam | vaḥ | carāthā | vayam | vasatyā astam | na | gāvaḥ | nakṣante | iddham

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.66.9 English analysis of grammar]

taṃ < tam < tad

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

vaś < vaḥ < tvad

[noun], genitive, plural

“you.”

carāthā < car

[verb], plural, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)

“car; wander; perform; travel; bore; produce; make; dwell; dig; act; observe; enter (a state); observe; cause; crop; behave; practice; heed; process; administer.”

vayaṃ < vayam < mad

[noun], nominative, plural

“I; mine.”

vasatyāstaṃ < vasatyā < vasati

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“residency; dwelling; nest; stay; vasati [word]; vas; mansion; sojourn.”

vasatyāstaṃ < astam < asta

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“set; Asta.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

gāvo < gāvaḥ < go

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”

nakṣanta < nakṣante < nakṣ

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“reach; approach.”

iddham < indh

[verb noun], accusative, singular

“kindle; ignite; set ablaze.”

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