Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.65.9

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

श्वसि॑त्य॒प्सु हं॒सो न सीद॒न्क्रत्वा॒ चेति॑ष्ठो वि॒शामु॑ष॒र्भुत् ॥
श्वसित्यप्सु हंसो न सीदन्क्रत्वा चेतिष्ठो विशामुषर्भुत् ॥
śvasity apsu haṃso na sīdan kratvā cetiṣṭho viśām uṣarbhut ||

English translation:

“[9-10] He breathes amidst the waters like a sitting swan; awakened at the dawn, he restores by his operations consciousness to men; he is a creator, like Soma; born from the waters (where he lurked) like an animal with coiled-up limbs, he became enlarged and his light (spread) afar.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Creator like Soma: soma na vedhaḥ; just as soma creates or causes 'plural nts' to grow, so Agni creates or extracts from them their nutritive faculty. etāvad vā idam annam annādaśca soma eva annam agnir annādaḥ: inasmuch as there is food and feeder, so soma is the food, and the feeder is agni (Vājasneyi Yajuṣ)

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): parāśaraḥ śāktaḥ [parāśara śākta];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): Dvipadaa viraat;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

श्वसि॑ति । अ॒प्ऽसु । हं॒सः । न । सीद॑न् । क्रत्वा॑ । चेति॑ष्ठः । वि॒शाम् । उ॒षः॒ऽभुत् ॥
श्वसिति । अप्सु । हंसः । न । सीदन् । क्रत्वा । चेतिष्ठः । विशाम् । उषःभुत् ॥
śvasiti | ap-su | haṃsaḥ | na | sīdan | kratvā | cetiṣṭhaḥ | viśām | uṣaḥ-bhut

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.65.9 English analysis of grammar]

śvasity < śvasiti < śvas

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“hiss; pant; sigh; breathe; blow.”

apsu < ap

[noun], locative, plural, feminine

“water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”

haṃso < haṃsaḥ < haṃsa

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“goose; Vishnu; sun.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

sīdan < sad

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“sit down; break down; slow; sink; crumble; fracture; perish; ride; stop; besiege; tire.”

kratvā < kratu

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

“yajña; decision; plan; deliberation; intelligence; Kratu; will; kratu [word]; desire; resoluteness; ritual.”

cetiṣṭho < cetiṣṭhaḥ < cetiṣṭha

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“attentive.”

viśām < viś

[noun], genitive, plural, feminine

“people; tribe; Vaisya; national; viś; real property; Vaisya.”

uṣarbhut < uṣarbudh

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“early rising.”

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