Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.64.11

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

हि॒र॒ण्यये॑भिः प॒विभि॑: पयो॒वृध॒ उज्जि॑घ्नन्त आप॒थ्यो॒३॒॑ न पर्व॑तान् । म॒खा अ॒यास॑: स्व॒सृतो॑ ध्रुव॒च्युतो॑ दुध्र॒कृतो॑ म॒रुतो॒ भ्राज॑दृष्टयः ॥
हिरण्ययेभिः पविभिः पयोवृध उज्जिघ्नन्त आपथ्यो न पर्वतान् । मखा अयासः स्वसृतो ध्रुवच्युतो दुध्रकृतो मरुतो भ्राजदृष्टयः ॥
hiraṇyayebhiḥ pavibhiḥ payovṛdha ujjighnanta āpathyo na parvatān | makhā ayāsaḥ svasṛto dhruvacyuto dudhrakṛto maruto bhrājadṛṣṭayaḥ ||

English translation:

“Augmenters of rain, they drive with golden wheels the clouds asunder, as elephants (in a herd break down the trees in their way); they are honoured with sacrifices, visitants of the hall of offering, spontaneous assailers (of their foes), subverters of what are stable, immoveable themselves, and wearers of shining weapons.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

As elephants: āpathyo na, lit. like that which is produced or occurs on the road; alt. meaning: like a chariot which drives over and crushes sticks and straws on the way

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): nodhā gautamaḥ [nodhas gautama];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

हि॒र॒ण्यये॑भिः । प॒विऽभिः॑ । प॒यः॒ऽवृधः॑ । उत् । जि॒घ्न॒न्ते॒ । आ॒ऽप॒थ्यः॑ । न । पर्व॑तान् । म॒खाः । अ॒यासः॑ । स्व॒ऽसृतः॑ । ध्रु॒व॒ऽच्युतः॑ । दु॒ध्र॒ऽकृतः॑ । म॒रुतः॑ । भ्राज॑त्ऽऋष्टयः ॥
हिरण्ययेभिः । पविभिः । पयःवृधः । उत् । जिघ्नन्ते । आपथ्यः । न । पर्वतान् । मखाः । अयासः । स्वसृतः । ध्रुवच्युतः । दुध्रकृतः । मरुतः । भ्राजत्ऋष्टयः ॥
hiraṇyayebhiḥ | pavi-bhiḥ | payaḥ-vṛdhaḥ | ut | jighnante | āpathyaḥ | na | parvatān | makhāḥ | ayāsaḥ | sva-sṛtaḥ | dhruva-cyutaḥ | dudhra-kṛtaḥ | marutaḥ | bhrājat-ṛṣṭayaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.64.11 English analysis of grammar]

hiraṇyayebhiḥ < hiraṇyaya

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“gold; aureate; hiraṇyaya [word].”

pavibhiḥ < pavi

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“vajra; tire; rim.”

payovṛdha < payaḥ < payas

[noun], neuter

“milk; milky juice; water; fluid; juice; payas [word]; drink.”

payovṛdha < vṛdhaḥ < vṛdh

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“increasing.”

ujjighnanta < ujjighnantaḥ < uddhan < √han

[verb noun], nominative, plural

“agitate; shake; kup; stick out; tousle.”

āpathyo < āpathyaḥ < āpathi

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

parvatān < parvata

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“mountain; Parvata; parvata [word]; Parvata; Parvata; rock; height.”

makhā < makhāḥ < makha

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

ayāsaḥ < ayās

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“undaunted; irrepressible; audacious.”

svasṛto < svasṛtaḥ < svasṛt

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

dhruvacyuto < dhruva

[noun]

“certain; fixed; permanent; changeless; firm; safe; resident; immovable; fixed; fixed; vital; faithful.”

dhruvacyuto < cyutaḥ < cyut

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“shaking; dropping.”

dudhrakṛto < dudhra

[noun]

“obstinate.”

dudhrakṛto < kṛtaḥ < kṛt

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“causing; making; performing; promotive; producing; doing; acting; writing; transforming; effecting.”

maruto < marutaḥ < marut

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“Marut; vāta; wind; Vayu.”

bhrājadṛṣṭayaḥ < bhrājat < bhrāj

[verb noun]

“shine; glitter; look.”

bhrājadṛṣṭayaḥ < ṛṣṭayaḥ < ṛṣṭi

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“spear.”

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