Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.64.8

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

सिं॒हा इ॑व नानदति॒ प्रचे॑तसः पि॒शा इ॑व सु॒पिशो॑ वि॒श्ववे॑दसः । क्षपो॒ जिन्व॑न्त॒: पृष॑तीभिॠ॒ष्टिभि॒: समित्स॒बाध॒: शव॒साहि॑मन्यवः ॥
सिंहा इव नानदति प्रचेतसः पिशा इव सुपिशो विश्ववेदसः । क्षपो जिन्वन्तः पृषतीभिॠष्टिभिः समित्सबाधः शवसाहिमन्यवः ॥
siṃhā iva nānadati pracetasaḥ piśā iva supiśo viśvavedasaḥ | kṣapo jinvantaḥ pṛṣatībhir ṛṣṭibhiḥ sam it sabādhaḥ śavasāhimanyavaḥ ||

English translation:

“The most wise Maruts roar like lions; the all-knowing are graceful as the spotted deer, destroyign (their foes), delighting (their worshippers); of deadly strength in their anger, they come with their antelopes and their arms, (to defend the sacrificer) against interruption.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Pṛṣatibhiḥ = with spotted deer, vāhanas or steeds of the Maruts

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): nodhā gautamaḥ [nodhas gautama];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): jagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

सिं॒हाःऽइ॑व । ना॒न॒द॒ति॒ । प्रऽचे॑तसः । पि॒शाःऽइ॑व । सु॒ऽपिशः॑ । वि॒श्वऽवे॑दसः । क्षपः॑ । जिन्व॑न्तः । पृष॑तीभिः । ऋ॒ष्टिऽभिः॑ । सम् । इत् । स॒ऽबाधः॒ । शव॑सा । अहि॑ऽमन्यवः ॥
सिंहाःइव । नानदति । प्रचेतसः । पिशाःइव । सुपिशः । विश्ववेदसः । क्षपः । जिन्वन्तः । पृषतीभिः । ऋष्टिभिः । सम् । इत् । सबाधः । शवसा । अहिमन्यवः ॥
siṃhāḥ-iva | nānadati | pra-cetasaḥ | piśāḥ-iva | su-piśaḥ | viśva-vedasaḥ | kṣapaḥ | jinvantaḥ | pṛṣatībhiḥ | ṛṣṭi-bhiḥ | sam | it | sa-bādhaḥ | śavasā | ahi-manyavaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.64.8 English analysis of grammar]

siṃhā < siṃhāḥ < siṃha

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“lion; hero; best; leader; siṃha [word].”

iva

[adverb]

“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

nānadati < nānad < √nad

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“bellow.”

pracetasaḥ < pracetas

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“intelligent; mindful; attentive; wise; apt; observant.”

piśā < piśāḥ < piśa

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

iva

[adverb]

“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

supiśo < supiśaḥ < supiś

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

viśvavedasaḥ < viśva

[noun]

“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

viśvavedasaḥ < vedasaḥ < vedas

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“property.”

kṣapo < kṣapaḥ < kṣap

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“night.”

jinvantaḥ < jinv

[verb noun], nominative, plural

“enliven; animate.”

pṛṣatībhir < pṛṣatībhiḥ < pṛṣat

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“motley; patched.”

ṛṣṭibhiḥ < ṛṣṭi

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“spear.”

sam

[adverb]

“sam; together; together; saṃ.”

it < id

[adverb]

“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

sabādhaḥ < sabādh

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“pressing; clamant.”

śavasāhimanyavaḥ < śavasā < śavas

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“strength; power; superiority.”

śavasāhimanyavaḥ < ahi

[noun], masculine

“snake; lead; nāga; Nāga; ahi [word]; Vṛtra.”

śavasāhimanyavaḥ < manyavaḥ < manyu

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“anger; fury; rage; wrath.”

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