Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.63.5
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वं ह॒ त्यदि॒न्द्रारि॑षण्यन्दृ॒ळ्हस्य॑ चि॒न्मर्ता॑ना॒मजु॑ष्टौ । व्य१॒॑स्मदा काष्ठा॒ अर्व॑ते वर्घ॒नेव॑ वज्रिञ्छ्नथिह्य॒मित्रा॑न् ॥
त्वं ह त्यदिन्द्रारिषण्यन्दृळ्हस्य चिन्मर्तानामजुष्टौ । व्यस्मदा काष्ठा अर्वते वर्घनेव वज्रिञ्छ्नथिह्यमित्रान् ॥
tvaṃ ha tyad indrāriṣaṇyan dṛḻhasya cin martānām ajuṣṭau | vy asmad ā kāṣṭhā arvate var ghaneva vajriñ chnathihy amitrān ||
English translation:
“Do you, Indra, who are unwilling to harm any resolute (mortal), set open all the quarters (of the horizon) to the horses of us who praise you, (when we are exposed) to the aversion (of our enemies); and, wielder of the thunderbolt, demolish our foes, as with a club.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): nodhā gautamaḥ [nodhas gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): bhurigbṛhatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वम् । ह॒ । त्यत् । इ॒न्द्र॒ । अरि॑षण्यन् । दृ॒ळ्हस्य॑ । चि॒त् । मर्ता॑नाम् । अजु॑ष्टौ । वि । अ॒स्मत् । आ । काष्ठाः॑ । अर्व॑ते । वः॒ । घ॒नाऽइ॑व । व॒ज्रि॒न् । श्न॒थि॒हि॒ । अ॒मित्रा॑न् ॥
त्वम् । ह । त्यत् । इन्द्र । अरिषण्यन् । दृळ्हस्य । चित् । मर्तानाम् । अजुष्टौ । वि । अस्मत् । आ । काष्ठाः । अर्वते । वः । घनाइव । वज्रिन् । श्नथिहि । अमित्रान् ॥
tvam | ha | tyat | indra | ariṣaṇyan | dṛḷhasya | cit | martānām | ajuṣṭau | vi | asmat | ā | kāṣṭhāḥ | arvate | vaḥ | ghanāiva | vajrin | śnathihi | amitrān
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.63.5 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[adverb]
“indeed; ha [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“that.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[adverb]
“not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“riṣaṇy [verb].”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“hard; intense; firm; fixed; resolute; mesomorphic; grim; dṛḍha [word]; rainproof; sturdy; shut; firm; insoluble; strong; tough; tight.”
[adverb]
“even; indeed.”
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“man.”
[noun], locative, singular, feminine
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[noun], ablative, plural
“I; mine.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“kāṣṭhā; quarter; body of water.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“horse.”
[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
“surround; accompany; cover; cover; obstruct; check; spread; envelop.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“abhra; cloud; hammer; ghana; hammer; rainy season; tin; iron; ghana [word]; ghana; nutgrass; ball; phlegm.”
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra; vajra; Euphorbia neriifolia L.; abhra; Buddha.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“pierce; kill.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“enemy; foe.”