Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.61.7

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒स्येदु॑ मा॒तुः सव॑नेषु स॒द्यो म॒हः पि॒तुं प॑पि॒वाञ्चार्वन्ना॑ । मु॒षा॒यद्विष्णु॑: पच॒तं सही॑या॒न्विध्य॑द्वरा॒हं ति॒रो अद्रि॒मस्ता॑ ॥
अस्येदु मातुः सवनेषु सद्यो महः पितुं पपिवाञ्चार्वन्ना । मुषायद्विष्णुः पचतं सहीयान्विध्यद्वराहं तिरो अद्रिमस्ता ॥
asyed u mātuḥ savaneṣu sadyo mahaḥ pitum papivāñ cārv annā | muṣāyad viṣṇuḥ pacataṃ sahīyān vidhyad varāhaṃ tiro adrim astā ||

English translation:

“Quickly quaffing the libations, and devouring the grateful viands (presented) at the three (daily) sacrifices which are dedicated to the creator (of the world), he, the pervadere of the universe, stole the ripe (treasures of the asuras); the vanquisher (of his foes), the hurler of the thunderbolt, encountering pierced the cloud.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Viṣṇu = pervader, an epithet applied to Indra, sarvasya jagato vyāpakaḥ. Cloud = varāha. Viṣṇu is the person nified yajña; he attracted the accusative ulated wealth of the asuras; then, he remained concealed behind seven difficult passes, or the days of initiatory preparation for the rite. Indra crossed the seven defiles or went through the seven days of initiation and pierced the sacrifice. Taittirīya expands this further: Varāha, the stealer of what is beautiful, cherishes beyond the seven hills, the wealth of the asuras; Indra, having taken up the tufts of grass, and pierced the seven hills, slew him: varāhoyam vamamoṣaḥ saptānam giriṇām parastād vittam vedyam asurāṇām bibharti; sa darbhapiñjulam uddhṛtya, sapta girin bhitvā, tam ahanniti

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): nodhā gautamaḥ [nodhas gautama];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒स्य । इत् । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । मा॒तुः । सव॑नेषु । स॒द्यः । म॒हः । पि॒तुम् । प॒पि॒वान् । चारु॑ । अन्ना॑ । मु॒षा॒यत् । विष्णुः॑ । प॒च॒तम् । सही॑यान् । विध्य॑त् । व॒रा॒हम् । ति॒रः । अद्रि॑म् । अस्ता॑ ॥
अस्य । इत् । ऊँ इति । मातुः । सवनेषु । सद्यः । महः । पितुम् । पपिवान् । चारु । अन्ना । मुषायत् । विष्णुः । पचतम् । सहीयान् । विध्यत् । वराहम् । तिरः । अद्रिम् । अस्ता ॥
asya | it | oṃ iti | mātuḥ | savaneṣu | sadyaḥ | mahaḥ | pitum | papivān | cāru | annā | muṣāyat | viṣṇuḥ | pacatam | sahīyān | vidhyat | varāham | tiraḥ | adrim | astā

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.61.7 English analysis of grammar]

asyed < asya < idam

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

asyed < id

[adverb]

“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

u

[adverb]

“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”

mātuḥ < mātṛ

[noun], genitive, singular, feminine

“mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”

savaneṣu < savana

[noun], locative, plural, neuter

“yajña; savana [word]; Snāna; Soma sacrifice; press.”

sadyo < sadyas

[adverb]

“immediately; just; daily; sadyas [word].”

mahaḥ < mah

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“great; great; distinguished; much(a); adult; long; high.”

pitum < pitu

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“food.”

papivāñ < papivān <

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“drink; gulp; soak; drink; suck; inhale.”

cārv < cārū < cāru

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“pleasant; beautiful; beloved; agreeable; cāru [word].”

annā < anna

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“food; foodstuff; grain; anna [word]; eating; boiled rice; meal.”

muṣāyad < muṣāyat < muṣāy < √muṣ

[verb], singular, Present injunctive

“steal; rob.”

viṣṇuḥ < viṣṇu

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Vishnu; Krishna; Viṣṇu; Om; Shiva.”

pacataṃ < pacatam < pacata

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

sahīyān < sahīyas

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“mighty.”

vidhyad < vidhyat < vyadh

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“pierce; vedhay; pierce; transfix; bleed; pierce; cut off; injure.”

varāhaṃ < varāham < varāha

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“hog; wild boar; boar; Varaha; vārāhapuṭa; varāha [word]; Varāha; Varāha.”

tiro < tiras

[adverb]

“tiras [word]; away; secretly.”

adrim < adri

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“mountain; rock; seven; stone; adri; grindstone; adri; rock.”

astā < as

[verb], singular, periphrast. future

“shoot; remove.”

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