Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.57.1

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

प्र मंहि॑ष्ठाय बृह॒ते बृ॒हद्र॑ये स॒त्यशु॑ष्माय त॒वसे॑ म॒तिं भ॑रे । अ॒पामि॑व प्रव॒णे यस्य॑ दु॒र्धरं॒ राधो॑ वि॒श्वायु॒ शव॑से॒ अपा॑वृतम् ॥
प्र मंहिष्ठाय बृहते बृहद्रये सत्यशुष्माय तवसे मतिं भरे । अपामिव प्रवणे यस्य दुर्धरं राधो विश्वायु शवसे अपावृतम् ॥
pra maṃhiṣṭhāya bṛhate bṛhadraye satyaśuṣmāya tavase matim bhare | apām iva pravaṇe yasya durdharaṃ rādho viśvāyu śavase apāvṛtam ||

English translation:

“I offer especial praise to the most bountiful, the excellent, th eopulent, the verily powerful and stately Indra, whose irresistible impetuosity is like (the rush) of waters down a precipice, and by whom widely-diffused wealth is laid open (to his worshippers) to sustain (their) strength.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): savya āṅgirasaḥ [savya āṅgirasa];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): jagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

प्र । मंहि॑ष्ठाय । बृ॒ह॒ते । बृ॒हत्ऽर॑ये । स॒त्यऽशु॑ष्माय । त॒वसे॑ । म॒तिम् । भ॒रे॒ । अ॒पाम्ऽइ॑व । प्र॒व॒णे । यस्य॑ । दुः॒ऽधर॑म् । राधः॑ । वि॒श्वऽआ॑यु । शव॑से । अप॑ऽवृतम् ॥
प्र । मंहिष्ठाय । बृहते । बृहत्रये । सत्यशुष्माय । तवसे । मतिम् । भरे । अपाम्इव । प्रवणे । यस्य । दुःधरम् । राधः । विश्वआयु । शवसे । अपवृतम् ॥
pra | maṃhiṣṭhāya | bṛhate | bṛhat-raye | satya-śuṣmāya | tavase | matim | bhare | apām-iva | pravaṇe | yasya | duḥ-dharam | rādhaḥ | viśva-āyu | śavase | apa-vṛtam

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.57.1 English analysis of grammar]

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

maṃhiṣṭhāya < maṃhiṣṭha

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“big.”

bṛhate < bṛhat

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“large; great; loud; high; much(a); exalted; abundant; intensive; strong; huge.”

bṛhadraye < bṛhadri

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

satyaśuṣmāya < satya

[noun]

“true; real; real; faithful; good.”

satyaśuṣmāya < śuṣmāya < śuṣma

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“vigor; energy; fire; hiss; courage.”

tavase < tavas

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“strong; energetic.”

matim < mati

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“intelligence; decision; mind; hymn; purpose; idea; opinion; belief; desire; wish; conviction; plan; devotion.”

bhare < bhṛ

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”

apām < ap

[noun], genitive, plural, feminine

“water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”

iva

[adverb]

“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

pravaṇe < pravaṇa

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

“torrent.”

yasya < yad

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

durdharaṃ < durdharam < durdhara

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“unbearable.”

rādho < rādhaḥ < rādhas

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“gift; munificence; liberality; bounty.”

viśvāyu

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“lifelong.”

śavase < śavas

[noun], dative, singular, neuter

“strength; power; superiority.”

apāvṛtam < apāvṛ < √vṛ

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“open; gape.”

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