Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.54.6

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्वमा॑विथ॒ नर्यं॑ तु॒र्वशं॒ यदुं॒ त्वं तु॒र्वीतिं॑ व॒य्यं॑ शतक्रतो । त्वं रथ॒मेत॑शं॒ कृत्व्ये॒ धने॒ त्वं पुरो॑ नव॒तिं द॑म्भयो॒ नव॑ ॥
त्वमाविथ नर्यं तुर्वशं यदुं त्वं तुर्वीतिं वय्यं शतक्रतो । त्वं रथमेतशं कृत्व्ये धने त्वं पुरो नवतिं दम्भयो नव ॥
tvam āvitha naryaṃ turvaśaṃ yaduṃ tvaṃ turvītiṃ vayyaṃ śatakrato | tvaṃ ratham etaśaṃ kṛtvye dhane tvam puro navatiṃ dambhayo nava ||

English translation:

“You have protected Narya, Turvaśa, Yadu and Turvīti, of the face of Vayya; you have protected their chariots and horses in the unavoidable engagement; you have demolished ninety-nine cities (of Śambara).”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Turvaśa may be Turvasu, son of Yayāti, since another son of Yayāti, Yadu is also named. Turvīti is a ṛṣi;

Etasam = aśva

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): savya āṅgirasaḥ [savya āṅgirasa];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्वम् । आ॒वि॒थ॒ । नर्य॑म् । तु॒र्वश॑म् । यदु॑म् । त्वम् । तु॒र्वीति॑म् । व॒य्य॑म् । श॒त॒क्र॒तो॒ इति॑ शतऽक्रतो । त्वम् । रथ॑म् । एत॑शम् । कृत्व्ये॑ । धने॑ । त्वम् । पुरः॑ । न॒व॒तिम् । द॒म्भ॒यः॒ । नव॑ ॥
त्वम् । आविथ । नर्यम् । तुर्वशम् । यदुम् । त्वम् । तुर्वीतिम् । वय्यम् । शतक्रतो इति शतक्रतो । त्वम् । रथम् । एतशम् । कृत्व्ये । धने । त्वम् । पुरः । नवतिम् । दम्भयः । नव ॥
tvam | āvitha | naryam | turvaśam | yadum | tvam | turvītim | vayyam | śatakrato itiśata-krato | tvam | ratham | etaśam | kṛtvye | dhane | tvam | puraḥ | navatim | dambhayaḥ | nava

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.54.6 English analysis of grammar]

tvam < tvad

[noun], nominative, singular

“you.”

āvitha < av

[verb], singular, Perfect indicative

“support; help; prefer; prefer; like.”

naryaṃ < naryam < narya

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“manly; heroic; powerful; male; human.”

turvaśaṃ < turvaśam < turvaśa

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

yaduṃ < yadum < yadu

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Yadu; Yadu.”

tvaṃ < tvam < tvad

[noun], nominative, singular

“you.”

turvītiṃ < turvītim < turvīti

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Turvīti.”

vayyaṃ < vayyam < vayya

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

śatakrato < śatakratu

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra.”

tvaṃ < tvam < tvad

[noun], nominative, singular

“you.”

ratham < ratha

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”

etaśaṃ < etaśam < etaśa

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Etaśa; horse.”

kṛtvye < kṛtvya

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“confident.”

dhane < dhana

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“wealth; property; money; treasure; prize; dhana [word]; valuable; dhan; capital; fight.”

tvam < tvad

[noun], nominative, singular

“you.”

puro < puraḥ < pur

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“fortress; pur [word]; town; purā [indecl.]; mahant.”

navatiṃ < navatim < navati

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“ninety; navati [word].”

dambhayo < dambhayaḥ < dambhay < √dabh

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“subjugate; destroy.”

nava < navan

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“nine.”

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