Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.52.9
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
बृ॒हत्स्वश्च॑न्द्र॒मम॑व॒द्यदु॒क्थ्य१॒॑मकृ॑ण्वत भि॒यसा॒ रोह॑णं दि॒वः । यन्मानु॑षप्रधना॒ इन्द्र॑मू॒तय॒: स्व॑र्नृ॒षाचो॑ म॒रुतोऽम॑द॒न्ननु॑ ॥
बृहत्स्वश्चन्द्रममवद्यदुक्थ्यमकृण्वत भियसा रोहणं दिवः । यन्मानुषप्रधना इन्द्रमूतयः स्वर्नृषाचो मरुतोऽमदन्ननु ॥
bṛhat svaścandram amavad yad ukthyam akṛṇvata bhiyasā rohaṇaṃ divaḥ | yan mānuṣapradhanā indram ūtayaḥ svar nṛṣāco maruto 'madann anu ||
English translation:
“Through fear (of Vṛtra, they, the worshippers), recited the suitable hymn of the Bṛhat (Sāma), self-illuminating, strength-bestowing, and ascending to heaven; on which his allies, (the Maruts), combating for men, (guardians) of heaven, and vivifiers of mankind animated Indra (to destroy him).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Sāma is added to bṛhat. The alusion is to Sāma, a verse of the Ṛk
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): savya āṅgirasaḥ [savya āṅgirasa];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): svarāṭtriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
बृ॒हत् । स्वऽच॑न्द्रम् । अम॑ऽवत् । यत् । उ॒क्थ्य॑म् । अकृ॑ण्वत । भि॒यसा॑ । रोह॑णम् । दि॒वः । यत् । मानु॑षऽप्रधनाः । इन्द्र॑म् । ऊ॒तयः॑ । स्वः॑ । नृ॒ऽसाचः॑ । म॒रुतः॑ । अम॑दन् । अनु॑ ॥
बृहत् । स्वचन्द्रम् । अमवत् । यत् । उक्थ्यम् । अकृण्वत । भियसा । रोहणम् । दिवः । यत् । मानुषप्रधनाः । इन्द्रम् । ऊतयः । स्वः । नृसाचः । मरुतः । अमदन् । अनु ॥
bṛhat | sva-candram | ama-vat | yat | ukthyam | akṛṇvata | bhiyasā | rohaṇam | di vaḥ | yat | mānuṣa-pradhanāḥ | indram | ūtayaḥ | svaḥ | nṛ-ṣācaḥ | marutaḥ | amadan | anu
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.52.9 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“large; great; loud; high; much(a); exalted; abundant; intensive; strong; huge.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“impressive; strong.”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“applaudable.”
[verb], plural, Imperfect
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
“fear.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“rohaṇa; climb.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[noun], masculine
“man; man.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“aid; favor; ūti [word].”
[adverb]
“sun; sky; sunlight.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“Marut; vāta; wind; Vayu.”
[verb], plural, Imperfect
“rut; intoxicate; delight; revel; rejoice; drink; ramp; exult.”
[adverb]
“subsequently; behind; along; towards; because.”