Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.51.13
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अद॑दा॒ अर्भां॑ मह॒ते व॑च॒स्यवे॑ क॒क्षीव॑ते वृच॒यामि॑न्द्र सुन्व॒ते । मेना॑भवो वृषण॒श्वस्य॑ सुक्रतो॒ विश्वेत्ता ते॒ सव॑नेषु प्र॒वाच्या॑ ॥
अददा अर्भां महते वचस्यवे कक्षीवते वृचयामिन्द्र सुन्वते । मेनाभवो वृषणश्वस्य सुक्रतो विश्वेत्ता ते सवनेषु प्रवाच्या ॥
adadā arbhām mahate vacasyave kakṣīvate vṛcayām indra sunvate | menābhavo vṛṣaṇaśvasya sukrato viśvet tā te savaneṣu pravācyā ||
English translation:
“You have given, Indra, the youthful Vṛcaya to the aged Kakṣīvat, praising you and offering oblations; you, Śatakratu, were Menā, the daughter of Vṛṣaṇaśva; all these your deeds are to be recited at your worship.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Vṛcaya was given to Kakṣīvat at a rājasūya ceremony. Indra became Menā, the daughter of Vṛṣaṇaśva and later, also fell in love with her. Menā is a daughter of Pitṛs by Svadhā and the wife of Himavat, king of mountains
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): savya āṅgirasaḥ [savya āṅgirasa];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अद॑दाः । अर्भा॑म् । म॒ह॒ते । व॒च॒स्यवे॑ । क॒क्षीव॑ते । वृ॒च॒याम् । इ॒न्द्र॒ । सु॒न्व॒ते । मेना॑ । अ॒भ॒वः॒ । वृ॒ष॒ण॒श्वस्य॑ । सु॒क्र॒तो॒ इति॑ सुऽक्रतो । विश्वा॑ । इत् । ता । ते॒ । सव॑नेषु । प्र॒ऽवाच्या॑ ॥
अददाः । अर्भाम् । महते । वचस्यवे । कक्षीवते । वृचयाम् । इन्द्र । सुन्वते । मेना । अभवः । वृषणश्वस्य । सुक्रतो इति सुक्रतो । विश्वा । इत् । ता । ते । सवनेषु । प्रवाच्या ॥
adadāḥ | arbhām | mahate | vacasyave | kakṣīvate | vṛcayām | indra | sunvate | menā | abhavaḥ | vṛṣaṇaśvasya | sukrato itisu-krato | viśvā | it | tā | te | savaneṣu | pra-vācyā
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.51.13 English analysis of grammar]
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“give; add; perform; put; administer; fill into; give; ignite; put on; offer; use; fuel; pour; grant; feed; teach; construct; insert; drip; wrap; pay; hand over; lend; inflict; concentrate; sacrifice; splint; poultice; create.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“few; small; unimportant.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“large; eminent; great; loud; dangerous; strong; long; high; much(a); mahant [word]; ample; very; great; adult; important; dark; high; abundant; violent; remarkable; mighty; big; long.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“eloquent.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“Kakṣīvant; kakṣīvant [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[verb noun], dative, singular
“press out; su.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“Menā; woman; Menā; Durga.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“yajña; decision; plan; deliberation; intelligence; Kratu; will; kratu [word]; desire; resoluteness; ritual.”
[noun], nominative, plural, neuter
“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
[adverb]
“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”
[noun], nominative, plural, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], genitive, singular
“you.”
[noun], locative, plural, neuter
“yajña; savana [word]; Snāna; Soma sacrifice; press.”
[verb noun], nominative, plural
“describe; name; enumerate; call; explain; teach; state; tell; impart; convey; address; proclaim.”