Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.45.3

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

प्रि॒य॒मे॒ध॒वद॑त्रि॒वज्जात॑वेदो विरूप॒वत् । अ॒ङ्गि॒र॒स्वन्म॑हिव्रत॒ प्रस्क॑ण्वस्य श्रुधी॒ हव॑म् ॥
प्रियमेधवदत्रिवज्जातवेदो विरूपवत् । अङ्गिरस्वन्महिव्रत प्रस्कण्वस्य श्रुधी हवम् ॥
priyamedhavad atrivaj jātavedo virūpavat | aṅgirasvan mahivrata praskaṇvasya śrudhī havam ||

English translation:

Agni, accomplisher of solemn acts, cognisant of all who are born, hear the invocation of praskaṇva, as you have heard those of Priyamedha of Atri, of Virūpa, of Aṅgiras.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

All are ṛṣis. Atri and Aṅgiras are among the Prajāpatis. Priyamedhas = Priyavrata, son of Svayambhuva Mnau; Virūpa, an early descendant of Vaivasvata Manu, the father of Iḷā, the Manu of the Veda; Viṣṇu Purāṇa, pp. 53 and 359

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): praskaṇvaḥ kāṇvaḥ [praskaṇva kāṇva];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agnirdevāḥ ;
Chandas (meter): anuṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

प्रि॒य॒मे॒ध॒ऽवत् । अ॒त्रि॒ऽवत् । जात॑ऽवेदः । वि॒रू॒प॒ऽवत् । अ॒ङ्गि॒र॒स्वत् । म॒हि॒ऽव्र॒त॒ । प्रस्क॑ण्वस्य । श्रु॒धि॒ । हव॑म् ॥
प्रियमेधवत् । अत्रिवत् । जातवेदः । विरूपवत् । अङ्गिरस्वत् । महिव्रत । प्रस्कण्वस्य । श्रुधि । हवम् ॥
priyamedha-vat | atri-vat | jāta-vedaḥ | virūpa-vat | aṅgirasvat | mahi-vrata | praskaṇvasya | śrudhi | havam

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.45.3 English analysis of grammar]

priyamedhavad < priyamedha

[noun], masculine

priyamedhavad < vat

[adverb]

“equally; like.”

atrivaj < atri

[noun], masculine

“Atri; Atri; atri [word].”

atrivaj < vat

[adverb]

“equally; like.”

jātavedo < jātavedaḥ < jātavedas

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Agni; fire.”

virūpavat < virūpa

[noun], masculine

“Virūpa.”

virūpavat < vat

[adverb]

“equally; like.”

aṅgirasvan < aṅgiras

[noun], masculine

“Aṅgiras; Aṅgiras; Brahman; Atharva-Veda; aṅgiras [word]; Aṅgiras.”

aṅgirasvan < vat

[adverb]

“equally; like.”

mahivrata < mahi

[noun]

“great; firm.”

mahivrata < vrata

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“vrata (vote); commandment; law; oath; command; rule; custom; vrata [word]; rule; behavior.”

praskaṇvasya < praskaṇva

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“Praskaṇva.”

śrudhī < śrudhi < śru

[verb], singular, Aorist imperative

“listen; come to know; hear; hear; listen; study; heed; learn.”

havam < hava

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“invocation.”

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