Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.43.1

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

कद्रु॒द्राय॒ प्रचे॑तसे मी॒ळ्हुष्ट॑माय॒ तव्य॑से । वो॒चेम॒ शंत॑मं हृ॒दे ॥
कद्रुद्राय प्रचेतसे मीळ्हुष्टमाय तव्यसे । वोचेम शंतमं हृदे ॥
kad rudrāya pracetase mīḻhuṣṭamāya tavyase | vocema śaṃtamaṃ hṛde ||

English translation:

“When may we repeat a most grateful hymn to the wise, the most bountiful and mighty Rudra, who is (cherished) in our hearts?”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Rudra means, he who makes to weep, who causes all the weep at the end of time; he thus gets identified with the principle of destruction, or Śiva; in this Sūkta he presides over medicinal plural nts and is a beneficent deity

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kaṇvo ghauraḥ [kaṇva ghaura];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): rudraḥ ;
Chandas (meter): gāyatrī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

कत् । रु॒द्राय॑ । प्रऽचे॑तसे । मी॒ळ्हुःऽत॑माय । तव्य॑से । वो॒चेम॑ । शम्ऽत॑मम् । ह्द॒े ॥
कत् । रुद्राय । प्रचेतसे । मीळ्हुःतमाय । तव्यसे । वोचेम । शम्तमम् । ह्दे ॥
kat | rudrāya | pra-cetase | mīḷhuḥ-tamāya | tavyase | vocema | śam-tamam | hṛde

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.43.1 English analysis of grammar]

kad < ka

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“what; who; ka [pronoun].”

rudrāya < rudra

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“Shiva; Rudra; eleven; rudra [word]; eleventh.”

pracetase < pracetas

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“intelligent; mindful; attentive; wise; apt; observant.”

mīḍhuṣṭamāya < mīḍhuṣṭama

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“Shiva.”

tavyase < tavyas

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“stronger; rich.”

vocema < vac

[verb], plural, Aorist optative

“say; describe; name; tell; address; enumerate; call; state; teach; explain; say; declare; speak; define; declare; order; address; recommend; answer; deem; recite; approve; proclaim; indicate; determine; mention; designate.”

śantamaṃ < śantamam < śaṃtama

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“beneficent.”

hṛde < hṛd

[noun], dative, singular, neuter

“heart; heart; mind; breast; hṛd [word].”

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