Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.40.5
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
प्र नू॒नं ब्रह्म॑ण॒स्पति॒र्मन्त्रं॑ वदत्यु॒क्थ्य॑म् । यस्मि॒न्निन्द्रो॒ वरु॑णो मि॒त्रो अ॑र्य॒मा दे॒वा ओकां॑सि चक्रि॒रे ॥
प्र नूनं ब्रह्मणस्पतिर्मन्त्रं वदत्युक्थ्यम् । यस्मिन्निन्द्रो वरुणो मित्रो अर्यमा देवा ओकांसि चक्रिरे ॥
pra nūnam brahmaṇas patir mantraṃ vadaty ukthyam | yasminn indro varuṇo mitro aryamā devā okāṃsi cakrire ||
English translation:
“Verily Brahmaṇaspati proclaims the sacred prayer, in which the divinities, Indra, Varuṇa, Mitra and Aryaman, have made their abode.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
This and the next verse are to be recited at Agniṣṭoma as prayers to Indra and the Maruts. Hotā recites the prayer (mantra) aloud (pravadati), by the mouth (ukthya); in the mantra, Indra and the other devās rest. The next verse explains how the mantra brings them to the presence of the worshipper: indrādi-sarvadevatāpratipādakam mantram
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kaṇvo ghauraḥ [kaṇva ghaura];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): bṛhaspatiḥ ;
Chandas (meter): pathyāvṛhatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
प्र । नू॒नम् । ब्रह्म॑णः । पतिः॑ । मन्त्र॑म् । व॒द॒ति॒ । उ॒क्थ्य॑म् । यस्मि॑न् । इन्द्रः॑ । वरु॑णः । मि॒त्रः । अ॒र्य॒मा । दे॒वाः । ओकां॑सि । च॒क्रि॒रे ॥
प्र । नूनम् । ब्रह्मणः । पतिः । मन्त्रम् । वदति । उक्थ्यम् । यस्मिन् । इन्द्रः । वरुणः । मित्रः । अर्यमा । देवाः । ओकांसि । चक्रिरे ॥
pra | nūnam | brahmaṇaḥ | patiḥ | mantram | vadati | ukthyam | yasmin | indraḥ | varuṇaḥ | mitraḥ | aryamā | devāḥ | okāṃsi | cakrire
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.40.5 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“towards; ahead.”
[adverb]
“now; surely; immediately; just.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Brahmaṇaspati.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“mantra; Mantra; consultation; advice; consultation; mantra [word]; speech; plan.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“describe; teach; speak; tell; say; call; name; enumerate; declare; diagnose; address; say; pronounce; express; instruct; order.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“applaudable.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“friend; Mitra; mitra [word]; sun; ally.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Aryaman; aryaman [word]; sun.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“home; house; oka [word].”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”